Alliances

1

• Alliances Treaties
• Schlieffen Plan

Fast Facts Name Schlieffen Plan Statitics The
Schlieffen Plan was a plan made by Alfred von
Schlieffen himself, which involved attacking
France through Belgium. Germany wanted to defeat
France as fast as possible. Since Germany was at
war with France and Russia at the same time, they
found it to be more helpful if they took out
France first since Russia was obviously the more
threatening enemy. Importance The Schlieffen
Plan has said to have caused Europe to go to war
within itself. Trivia This plan was also
known as the 'Hammer Plan'.
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• Alliances Treaties
• Triple Alliance

• Fast Facts
• Name Triple Alliance
• Statistics Germany and Austria agreed to form a
  Dual Alliance which soon turned into the Triple
  Alliance after they included Italy. The three
  countries agreed to fight for one another if they
  were attacked by France or Russia.
• Importance The Triple Alliance increased tension
  throughout Europe because other nations believed
  they were going to declare war. This made other
  nations form their own alliances.
• Trivia Italy left the Triple Alliance when World
  War I started because they didnt feel they were
  prepared to fight against Britain or France.
  Italy remained neutral with Germany and Austria.

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• Alliances Treaties
• League of Nations

• Fast Facts
• Name League of Nations
• Statistics The League of Nations (LON) was
  founded after World War I. After the chaos caused
  by the Versailles Treaty, many believed the
  league would bring strength to the world.
• Importance The importance of the LON was to
  ensure that war never broke out again.
• Trivia The United States was never a member of
  the League of Nations.

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• Battles, Places, Events
• Marne

• Fast Facts
• Name Marne
• Statistics Marne is in north-eastern France
  named after the river Marne which flows through
  that part of the country. The capital of Marne is
  Châlons-en-Champagne. It use to be called
  Châlons-sur-Marne.
• Importance Marne is best known for 'the Battle
  of the Marne' being the first battle of World
  War I.
• Trivia Marne is one of the original
  eighty-three departments created during the
  French Revolution. It was created from the
  province of Champagne.

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• Battles, Places, Events
• Paris Peace Conference

• Fast Facts
• Name Paris Peace Conference
• Statistics The Paris Peace Conference was the
  meeting of the allied victors at the end of World
  War I. It took place in Paris in 1919 and had
  more than 30 countries. They met, discussed and
  came up with treaties to maintain peace
  throughout the world.
• Importance The Paris Peace Conference helped the
  world bring back peace after World War I ended.
• Trivia Germany and Russia were not allowed to
  join the conference. Historians argue weather or
  not the banning of Germany helped the rise of the
  Nazis and cause World War II or whether the they
  were the best that could be expected.

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• Battles, Places, Events
• Zimmerman Telegram

• Fast Facts
• Name Zimmerman Telegram
• Statistics The Zimmerman Telegram was a coded
  telegram from the Foreign Secretary of the German
  Empire to the German ambassador, Johann von
  Bernstorff on January 16th, 1917
• Importance This telegram infuriated many
  countries and caused Germany to be attacked by
  countries such as the Untied States, Mexico and
  even Britain.
• Trivia American printed the contents of the
  telegram on March 1st which caused an outrage and
  contributed to the United States declaring war
  against Germany on April 6th.

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• Eastern Front
• The Balkans

• Fast Facts
• Name The Balkans
• Statistics Gavrilo Princip out of the Black Hand
  from Serbia and two other Black Hand members shot
  and killed the Archduke Franz Ferdinand and his
  wife of the Austro-Hungarian empire in Sarajevo.
• ImportanceThe Austro-Hungarian empire responded
  by invading the Kingdom of Serbia and starting
  World War I.

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• Eastern Front
• Tannenberg

• Fast Facts
• Name Tannenberg
• Statistics The Battle of Tannenberg was a battle
  between the Russian Empire and the German Empire
  in the first days of World War I, fought by the
  Russian First and Second Armies and the German
  Eighth Army
• Importance The battle almost completely
  destroyed the Russian Second Army. A series of
  other battles destroyed the majority of the First
  Army as well, and kept the Russians off-balance
  until the spring of 1915.
• Trivia Although the battle took place near
  Allenstein, Max Hoffmann suggested to name it
  after Tannenberg in an attempt to erase the
  defeat in the medieval Battle of Grunwald
  (Tannenberg). As pointed out by Christopher
  Clark, the actual Tannenberg is some thirty
  kilometres to the west, and there was no reason
  other than the historical battle to name it
  differently.

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• Eastern Front
• Russian Revolution

• Fast Facts
• Name Russian Revolution
• Statistics The Russian Revolution is a phrase
  for the series of revolutions in Russia in 1917,
  which destroyed the Tsarist autocracy and led to
  the creation of the Soviet Union.
• Importance Although the 1905 revolution failed,
  the 1917 revolution had succeeded in making
  Russia a communist state.
• Trivia Since the 1905 revolution failed, we see,
  for the first time in Russia, millions of people
  in the cities and in the villages come together
  to fight for the same cause.

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• Western Front
• Trench Warfare

• Fast Facts
• Name Trench Warfare
• Statistics Trench warfare was a form of warfare
  in which both sides had large fighting lines,
  which was made mostly of trenches, where troops
  were immune to enemys fire
• Importance Trench warfare made hiding from the
  enemy a lot simpler and caused more men to live
  then before.
• Trivia A typical British soldier's year could be
  divided as follows 15 front line, 10 support
  line, 30 reserve line, 20 rest, and 25 other
  (hospital, traveling, leave, training courses)

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• Western Front
• Artillery

• Fast Facts
• Name Artillery
• Statistics Artillery is a military combat arm
  that makes weapons capable of setting off large
  amounts of bullets in combat.
• Importance Although many accidents were caused
  by artillery fire, it was used to restrain enemy
  fire and shock them.
• Trivia The engineering designs of the means of
  delivery have likewise changed significantly over
  time, and have become some of the most complex
  technological application today.

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• Western Front
• Hindenburg Line

• Fast Facts
• Name Hindenburg Line
• Statistics The Hindenburg Line was a system of
  defenses in Northern France constructed by the
  Germans during the winter of 1916-1917.
• Importance It was temporarily broken through in
  the Battle of Cambrai in 1917 by British and
  Newfoundland force.
• Trivia Eighty years later the Hindenburg Line
  battlefields are among the most forgotten along
  the entire Western Front.

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• People
• Woodrow Wilson

• Fast Facts
• Name Woodrow Wilson
• Statistics Thomas Woodrow Wilson was the 28th
  President of the United States. The president who
  led the nation through the hard years of World
  War I.
• Importance Wilson wanted the United States to be
  neutral. He made every effort to avoid war with
  anyone.
• Trivia "There is such a thing as a man being too
  proud to fight.. Quote from Wilson.

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• People
• Otto Von Bismarck

• Fast Facts
• Name Otto Von Bismarck
• Statistics Otto von Bismarck was a
  Prussian/German statesman in the late 19th
  century.
• Importance He designed the German Empire in
  1871, becoming its first Chancellor and
  dominating its affairs until his dismissal in
  1890.
• Trivia His diplomacy of Realpolitik and
  powerful rule gained him the nickname "The Iron
  Chancellor".

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• People
• Georges Clemenceau

• Fast Facts
• Name Georges Clemenceau
• Statistics Georges Benjamin Clemenceau was a
  French statesman, physician, and journalist. He
  served as the prime minister of France from
  1906-1909 and 1917-1920.
• Importance When World War I broke out in 1914
  Clemenceau refused to act as justice minister
  under the French Prime Minister.
• Trivia He was nicknamed "le Tigre" (the Tiger)
  and "le Père-la-Victoire" (Father Victory) for
  his determination as a wartime leader.

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• Weapons Technology
• Chlorine Gas

• Fast Facts
• Name Chlorine Gas
• Statistics Chlorine gas destroyed the
  respiratory organs of its victims and this led to
  a slow death by asphyxiation
• Importance One disadvantage for the side that
  launched chlorine gas attacks was that it made
  the victim cough and therefore limited his intake
  of the poison.
• Trivia Both sides found that phosgene was more
  effective than chlorine.

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• Weapon Technology
• Gas Mask

• Fast Facts
• Name Gas Mask
• Statistics Gas masks used in World War One were
  made as a result of poison gas attacks that took
  the Allies in the trenches on the Western Front
  by surprise.
• Importance The mask gave some protection but its
  eye-piece proved to be very weak and easy to
  break making the protective value of the helmet
  not as strong. The mask gave protection by being
  dipped in anti-gas chemicals.

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• Weapons Technology
• Machine Gun

• Fast Facts
• Name Machine Gun
• Statistics A machine gun is a gun that fires
  rapidly and repeatedly.
• Importance Men who went over-the-top in trenches
  stood little chance when the enemy opened up with
  their machine guns. Machine guns were one of the
  main killers in the war and accounted for many
  thousands of deaths.

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• War in the Air
• Biplanes

• Fast Facts
• Name Biplanes
• Statistics An airplane with two sets of wings,
  one above and usually slightly forward of the
  other.
• Importance Since the Biplane can lift up to
  twenty percent more than another plane, it has
  greater maneuverability.

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• War in the Air
• The Red Baron

• Fast Facts
• Name The Red Baron
• Statistics The Red Baron was the most
  successful pilot during World War I. He had
  eighty confirmed air combat victories.
• Importance He started to paint parts of his
  plane red so that the German gunners on the
  ground would know who he was and not shoot him.
  He chose Red because it was the colours of his
  old Uhlan Cavalry Unit. He had 16 kills before he
  went red.
• Trivia He had received credit of eighty kills
  before he died at the age of twenty-five.

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• War in the Air
• Dog Fights

• Fast Facts
• Name Dog Fights
• Statistics "Dogfight" means an aerial battle
  between two or more planes.
• Importance Dogfights were extremely difficult
  because the pilot would have to dodge other enemy
  aircraft while listening to the commands of the
  gunner as to where to fly to get the enemy into
  his sights.
• Trivia The first fighter planes were only
  equipped with machine-guns which were fixed onto
  the top wing.

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• War at Sea
• Sea Mines

• Fast Facts
• Name Sea Mines
• Statistics A Sea Mine is a naval mine that is a
  self-contained explosive device placed in water
  to destroy ships or submarines.
• Importance Sea Mines were used to defend
  territory in the sea.
• Trivia The first plan for a sea mine in the West
  was by Ralph Rabbards, who presented his design
  to Queen Elizabeth I of England in 1574

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• War at Sea
• U-boats

• Fast Facts
• Name U-boats
• Statistics U-boat is a different version of the
  German word Unterseeboot. It refers to military
  submarines operated by Germany.
• Importance U-boats were used to attack enemy
  merchant shipping and warships mainly.

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• War at Sea
• Naval Blockades

• Fast Facts
• Name Naval Blockades
• Statistics A blockade is an effort to cut off
  the communications of a particular area by force
• Importance About 750,000 German civilians died
  from starvation caused by the British blockade
  during the War.

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