Astronomy time line Lesson 2

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Astronomy time line Lesson 2

• Technology advances.
• Better observations are made.
• New hypotheses are proposed.
• Old beliefs continue to be replaced by new
  beliefs.

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The first telescope was a refracting telescope
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Refract means to bend light
Galileo 1609
Henry Hudson explores Delaware Bay and Hudson
River
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1650s These types of telescopes had to become
longer and longer to become more and more
powerful. New technology in lense making by
Christiaan Huygens in 1650s helped lead the way.
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1673 The need for a new design

• Illustration of a 150
• ft Keplerian
• Astronomical
• refracting
• telescope built by
• Johannes
• Hevelius 1673. These types
• of telescopes were
• impractical and showed a
• need for a new way to build
• and use a telescope.

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Sir Isaac Newton1666-1672

• Sir Isaac Newton begins a series of experiments
  with dividing white light with a prism into
  colors of the rainbow called a spectrum.
• Newton discovers that white light is made of all
  the colors of the rainbow.

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1671 Reflecting telescope Invented by Sir Isaac
Newton

• Reflecting means to bounce off of.
• Reflecting
• Telescopes allow
• for a larger,
• Clearer, image.

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William Herschelbetween 1782 and 1789.

• Discovered Uranus and the sixth and seventh moons
  of Saturn between 1782 and 1789
• He was the first person to correctly describe the
  shape of our galaxy, the Milky Way.

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William Herschel1800.

• After learning of Newtons
• work on light, Herschel
• Discovers that there
• is light that we can
• not see . He calls it infrared
• light. This has serious
• implications to astronomy.
• Are there stars out there that
• we can NOT see? Invisible
• stars?

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Johann Ritter
In 1801, Johann Ritter conducted an experiment to
investigate the existence of energy beyond the
violet end of the visible spectrum. Knowing that
photographic paper would turn black more rapidly
in blue light than in red light, he exposed the
paper to light beyond violet. Sure enough, the
paper turned black, proving the existence of
ultraviolet light. Light we can Not see?
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Percival Lowell

• 1890s he built a private observatory in
  Flagstaff, Arizona to study Mars.
• Discovers Pluto in 1930.

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1846 -John Couch Adams and Urbain Le Verrier.

• discover Neptune.

Urbain Le Verrier.
John Couch Adams
http//www.scientific-web.com/ en/Astronomy/Biogr
aphies/JohnCouchAdams01.html
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Edwin Hubble1930s

• Used telescope to determine that Our galaxy is
  not the universe but only one of many galaxies
  within the universe.
• Proved that the universe is expanding using light
  spectrum from stars.
• The Red/Green Shift

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1960s Dr. Frank Low

• Dr. Frank Low
• Invents a device that
• allows a telescope to
• see infrared light.
• We view stars, gas, dust
• and galaxies that are
• otherwise invisible to a
• telescope.

http//www.spitzer.caltech.edu/ news/930-feature09
-08- Frank-Low-Pioneer-of-Infrared- Astronomy-1933
-2009
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Since 1609s development of a refracting
telescope, weve gone from seeing our night skies
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To experiencing, in awe, a vast, unending
universe that is filled with the most remarkable
views
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Aurora borealis from space
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Aurora borealis on Jupiter taken with an
ultraviolet camera on Hubble Telescope
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Begin quizComplete the following sentences by
filling in the blanks.
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1. At the time of Plato, most of the worlds
cultures believed_________________________________
___________________
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2.Aristarchus was one of the first to propose
the________ theory which states that the
_______revolves around the ________
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3. EratosthenesCyrene

• Proved the Earth was round by ____________________
  __________________________________

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4. ________________wrote the Almagest which tells
us that the cultures of his time believed in the
__________theory and that stars were fixed on
celestial spheres.
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476-800 AD

• 5. Known as the ____ of __________
• Because it is a period of very little
  intellectual advancements due to the fall of the
  Roman empire, barbaric intrusions and warfare.

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• 6. ________________ A Catholic Monk who wrote a
  small pamphlet titled, De Revolutionibus,
• He Believes the sun to be the center of the
  universe. This is known as the
• ___________________ theory.

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• 7. A new invention by Leonard Diggs called
  the______________ allows his Son__________ to
  correctly hypothesize that the stars are NOT
  fixed on celestial spheres

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• 8. __________________Spends twenty years of his
  life to gather measurements of the motions of
  planets, stars, etc. Uses parallax to prove
  Thomas Diggss hypothesis is correct.

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• 9. ________________proves that planets do not
  move in perfect circles but in elongated circles
  called ______________________

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10. ______ ________Is officially recorded to
have invented the ___________ telescope (type of)
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11. Not only did_______ improve the telescope,
but he alsoIntroduced a law of motion called
inertia
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12. The first telescope was a ______telescope
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13. A refracting telescope works by ________
light using __________ .
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Refract means to___________
Galileo 1609
14. Fill in the blanks
Henry Hudson explores Delaware Bay and Hudson
River
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1650s 15.These types of telescopes had to
become longer and longer to become more and
more powerful. New technology in lens making by
___________ ____________in 1650s helped lead
the way.
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16.The picture from 1673 below shows the need for
a _____ ________

• Illustration of a 150
• ft Keplerian
• Astronomical
• refracting
• telescope built by
• Johannes
• Hevelius 1673.

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1666-1672

• 17. Sir _____ ________ begins a series of
  experiments with dividing white light with a
  prism into colors of the rainbow called
  a________________.

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1671 Reflecting telescope Invented by __ ______
_______

• 18. Reflecting means to ______________
• Reflecting
• Telescopes allow
• for a larger,
• Clearer, image.

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19. In what way is a reflecting telescope
different from a refracting telescope?
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20. Who is this man and what did he discover in
1800?.

• After learning of
• Newtons work
• on light,________
• discovers_______
• light.

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Who is this man?
21. In 1801,-__________conducted an experiment to
investigate the existence of energy beyond the
violet end of the visible spectrum. Knowing that
photographic paper would turn black more rapidly
in blue light than in red light, he exposed the
paper to light beyond violet. Sure enough, the
paper turned black, proving the existence
of________________
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Who is he? What did he study? What did he
discover?

• 22. 1890s he built a private observatory in
  ______, Arizona to study _____.
• Discovers _____ in 1930.

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Who is he? What did he discover?1930s

• 23. Used telescope to determine that Our galaxy
  is not the universe but only one of many galaxies
  within the universe.
• Proved that the universe is _________ using
  light spectrum from stars.

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1960s Who is he ? What did he invent?

• 24. Dr. Frank Low
• Invents a device that
• allows a telescope to
• see____________
• Light.

http//www.spitzer.caltech.edu/ news/930-feature09
-08- Frank-Low-Pioneer-of-Infrared- Astronomy-1933
-2009