Daoism, Legalism

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Daoism, Legalism Confucianism
Three Philosophies that look at how to get
people to behave and how the government should
rule the people.
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Daoism/Taoism
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Daoism/Taoism

• Started by a man named Laozi who lived about
  500s BC
• Name means old master
• Dao De Jing is the book of Laozis teachings

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Yin and Yang

• Believed everything in the universe had a life
  force- a yin and yang-opposites-this universal
  force guides all things
• Yin-dark side- is women, moon, things that are
  still death
• Yang-light side-is men, sun, things that move
  birth
• Must keep the yin and the yang balanced

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Beliefs

• Humans do not live in harmony with universal
  force
• Each human has to find an individual way
• Believers accept things the way they are
• Believers do not want to be involved with
  government
• Try to understand nature and live in harmony with
  government

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Legalism
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Legalism Beliefs

• Believed that people were bad and had to be
  forced into doing good
• Believers saw disorder in society
• Believed society needed strict laws and strong
  government
• Harsh punishment used to force people into
  obeying laws

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Legalism continued

• Shang Yang wanted people to report lawbreakers
• Rulers should reward people who do their duty
• People should not complain about the government
• Arrest people who questioned the government
• Burn books that contain any different ideas

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Confucianism
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Confucius and Five Relationships

• Father son
• Elder brother and junior brother
• Husband and wife
• Friend and friend
• Ruler and subject
• End conflict and have peace in all relationships

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Confucius's Thoughts on Conduct

• Confucius, a man, felt that China was full of
  rude, dishonest people
• He wanted people to return to having good ethics
• Believed good conduct and respect began at home

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Confucius Rules for Government

• Authority should always be respected
• King should inspire good behavior- not scare
  people into good behavior
• Government leaders should set good example

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Confucius Proverbs

• A man who has committed a mistake and doesn't
  correct it is committing another mistake.
• Our greatest glory is not in never falling, but
  in rising every time we fall.
• Real knowledge is to know the extent of one's
  ignorance.

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Confucius Teachings

• Confucius traveled all over teaching his ideas
• His teachings were put into a book called The
  Analects
• Most important teaching filial piety
• or treating parents with respect