Mathematicians

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Mathematicians By Baylee Maynard
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Brahmagupta

• Born 598 AD in Bhinmal City in Northwest India.
• Died 668 AD
• His father was Jisnugupta
• Lived most of his life in Bhillamala (modern day
  Bhinmal)
• Was the head of the Astronomical Observatory at
  Ujjain.
• During his tenure there, wrote four texts on
  Mathematics and astronomy.

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Brahmagupta Cont.

• Brahmagupta had many accomplishments, but his
  major accomplishments was defining zero.
• He found the formula for the area of a cyclic
  quadrilateral.
• Gave a valuable interpolation formula for
  computing sines.
• Applied algebraic methods to astronomical
  problems.

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Brahmagupta Cont.

• Brahmagupta distinguished 20 arithmetical
  operations.
• - Extraction of roots and the solution of
  proportions.
• - 8 measurements
• - Four methods of multiplication
• - Five rules for reducing a rational expression
  to a single fraction.
• His mathematics was rooted in the Greek tradition.

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Brahmagupta Cont.

• Brahmagupta unlike most European algebraists of
  the Middle Ages, he recognized negative and
  irrational numbers as roots of an equation.
• His mathematics was a mixture of concrete
  problems and abstract formulas.

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Brahmagupta Cont.

• His most famous text was Brahmasphutasiddhanta.
• Brahmagupta's first rule of dealing with zero as
  a number was When zero is added to a number or
  subtracted from a number, the number remins
  unchanged.
• Second Rule is A number multiplied by zero
  becomes zero.

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John Brehaut Wallis

• Born November 23, 1616 in Ashford England
• Died October 28, 1703 in Oxford England.
• Went to school in Ashford, but his mom wanted him
  to to move.
• Moved to Jame's Movat's grammar school where he
  first showed sign of becoming a great Scholar.

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John Brehaut Wallis Cont.

• John was able to do mental calculations
• One day he calculated the square root of a number
  with 53 digits in his head.
• Given credit for the proof of the Pythagorean
  theorem, using similar triangles.

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John Brehaut Wallis Cont.

• Arithmetica Infinitorum was the most important of
  Wallis's work.
• It was published in 1656.
• After a short tract on conic sections, developed
  the standard notion for powers, extending them
  from positive integers to rational numbers.

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John Brehaut Wallis Cont.

• Wallis made significant contributions to
  Trigonometry, Calculus, Geometry.
• Also the analysis of Infinite Series.
• In his Opera Mathematica he introduced the term
  continued fraction.

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John Brehaut Wallis Cont.

• His Institutio logicae was published in 1687 and
  became very popular.
• The Grammatica linguae Anglicanae was a work on
  English Grammar.
• Published on Theology.

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Clara Latimer Bacon

• Born August 23, 1866
• Died April 14,1948
• Graduated from Hedding College in Abingdon,
  Illinois in 1886.
• Received her B.A. Degree from Wellesley College
  in 1890.
• Taught secondary school in Kentucky for a year,
  then in Illinois for five.

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Clara Latimer Bacon Cont.

• She was promoted to associate professor at
  Goucher in 1905, then full Professor in 1914.
• Teach at Goucher College until her retirement in
  1934.

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Clara Latimer Bacon Cont.

• She was a member of the American Mathematical
  Society.
• Also a member of the Mathematical Association of
  America.
• Was the first women to receive a Ph.D. In
  mathematics from John Hopkins University.

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Clara Latimer Bacon Cont.

• After receiving her Masters Degree from the
  University of Chicago in 1904. she had a thesis.
  The determination and investigation of the real
  chords of two conics with the intersect fewer
  than four real points.
• Her work on The Cartesian oval and the epileptic
  functions p and o was published in the American
  Journal of Mathematics.

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Clara Latimer Bacon Cont.

• Served as President of the Maryland-Virginia
  section of the MAA.
• Served many years on the College Entrance
  Examination Board.
• Bacon was involved with serval associations for
  peace as well as the Foreign Policy Association.
  the League of Women Voters.