Our Solar System

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Our Solar System

• S4E1. Students will compare and contrast the
  physical attributes of stars, star patterns, and
  planets.
• a. Recognize the physical attributes of stars in
  the night sky such as number, size, color and
  patterns.
• b. Compare the similarities and differences of
  planets to the stars in appearance, position, and
  number in the night sky.
• c. Explain why the pattern of stars in a
  constellation stays the same, but a planet can be
  seen in different locations at different times.
• d. Identify how technology is used to observe
  distant objects in the sky.
• S4E2. Students will model the position and motion
  of the earth in the solar system and will explain
  the role of relative position and motion in
  determining sequence of the phases of the moon.
• a. Explain the day/night cycle of the earth using
  a model.
• b. Explain the sequence of the phases of the
  moon.
• c. Demonstrate the revolution of the earth around
  the sun and the earths tilt to explain the
  seasonal changes.
• d. Demonstrate the relative size and order from
  the sun of the planets in the solar system.

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How does the Earth and its Moon Move?

• The Earth rotates or spins on its axis
• It takes 24 hours! Thats why we have day and
  night
• It also revolves or orbits around the sun
• A complete revolution takes about 1 year!

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Seasons

• Do you know why we experience seasons?
• Its because of the Earths tilt!

4
The Moon

• Why does the moon seem to change?
• The moon orbits Earth and it takes about 1
  month!
• During its orbit, we see reflected light from the
  sun

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Moon Phases

• As the moon revolves around Earth, we see
  different phases

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The Moon

• Moon phases on a calendar

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Solar System

• A solar system is a group of objects in space
  that orbit a star
• Objects include inner and outer planets, dwarf
  planets, moons, and asteroids
• The inner planets are closest to the sun

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Solar System

• The asteroid belt separates the inner and outer
  planets
• The outer planets (gas giants) are farthest from
  the sun

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Inner and Outer Planets

• Outer Planet
• Bigger than inner planets
• Made up of mostly gases and called the gas
  giants
• Many moons
• Rings made of dust ice, or rock

• Inner Planets
• Closest to the sun
• Rocky Surfaces
• Smaller than outer planets
• None has more than 2 moons

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A glance at our Solar System
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What is a Star?

• A star is a huge ball of super heated gases

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Studying Stars

• Scientists study stars to learn about our solar
  system
• Scientists group stars using their similarities
  and differences

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Star Color

• Rising temperature of a star means it is changing
  color
• Star color tells us how hot the star is
• They can range from red, to orange-yellow, white,
  and to bluish white

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Star Color

• Blue Stars are the hottest
• Red Stars are the coolest

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Star Brightness

• How Bright a star looks depends on
• How far it is from Earth

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Star Size

• Dwarfs Small up to 20 times larger than our sun
  and up to 20,000 times brighter. Our sun is a
  dwarf star
• Giants Old and large
• Super giants Older and larger
• Virtually non-existent Used to be other stars
  but are slowly burning out

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Our Sun

• Our Sun is a star which is also the center of our
  solar system!
• It is the largest object in our solar system
• Without it no life on Earth could exist

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Our Sun

• Made up of gases, mostly hydrogen and helium
• Is a medium sized yellow star
• It has medium heat, brightness and size

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Groups of Stars

• A Constellation is a group of stars that make an
  imaginary picture.
• A galaxy is a huge system of gases, dust, and
  stars.
• The universe is everything in space.