SOLAR ENERGY TECHNOLOGIES

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SOLAR ENERGY TECHNOLOGIES

• BY
• SRAVANTHI GANDHAM

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Products Of Solar Energy

• Air Dryer
• Generators
• Inverters
• Photovoltaic Solar Cells
• Pool Pumps, heaters Covers
• Refrigerators Freezers
• Solar batteries Chargers
• Solar Electronic kits
• Solar Radios
• Water Heaters
• Solar cookers
• Solar street lights

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What is Solar Cooker ? A solar cooker looks like
a simple square aluminium suitcase, with five
main components with an outer box measuring 500 x
500 x 165 mm with three containers.
www.secmol.org/solarenergy
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• Benefits of using the solar cooker
• In an age where domestic fuel costs are rising
  each year, the solar cooker is a real boon.
• Reasonably priced, easy-to-use and completely
  trouble-free, the solar cooker is an ideal
  supplement to the conventional cooking
  appliances.
• Can be used 300 days a year.
• No fuel required for cooking.
• All items can be cooked except the fried and
  chapatis.
• Cooking is safe and clean.
• Solar cooking is entirely non-polluting and has
  no ill effects on health.
• Food cooked in solar cooker tastes better, is
  more nutritious and healthy.
• No need to keep close watch during cooking as the
  process is slow.
• Cooking time is around 1.30 to 2.30 hours.
• Food remains hot as long as the glass assembly is
  not opened.
• Three LPG cylinders can be saved annually as a
  result of solar cooking.
• Pay-back period is around three years.
• Life is around 10-15 years.
• O M cost is almost negligible.
• www.mahaurja.com/solar_cooker.html

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SOLAR STREET LIGHTS

• The solar street light system comprise of
• 74 Wp Solar PV Module
• 12 V, 75 Ah Tubular plate battery with battery
  box
• Charge Controller cum inverter (20-35 kHz)
• 11 Watt CFL Lamp with fixtures
•  4 metre mildsteel lamp post above ground level
  with weather proof paint and mounting hardware.

•  SPV Module 
• Battery Box 
• Lamp with charge controller 
• Lamp Post

www.geda.org.in/solar/so_slr_street.htm
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How solar street lights work
The solar panel converts the sun's energy to dc
electricity.Voltage is then regulated to a
specific value by an electronic circuit to charge
the battery. A solar controller protects the
battery from too low and over charge.Now for the
lighting. Contrary to LEDs, HID and CF lamps
require a high voltage, particular current, and
frequency to work. It is the ballast's task to
feed the lamp properly.We now need to control
the lamp. To do so, a timer or photocell does the
job of switching the light from dusk to dawn. On
some advanced solar powered street lights models,
intensity and color can even be adjusted.
To conclude, lets just sum up the benefits of
solar street lights in comparison with their
outdated equivalents The day to day running
and maintenance costs are slashed There is a
positive environmental impact as opposed to a
negative one The lack of wiring to be installed
minimizes the disruption caused to, for example,
road users during installation Power outages
have no impact whatsoever on street lighting in
the area Solar street lights can be easily
erected in almost all locations
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DOMESTIC SOLAR WATER HEATER

• There are five main components to a active solar
  hot water system
• Collectors to capture solar energy.
• A circulation system to move a fluid between the
  collectors and a storage tank. In
• some systems the fluid is water, but not
  always.
• Storage tank.
• Backup heating system. The storage tank and the
  backup heating system may be
• combined.
• Control system.

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SOLAR AIR DRYER
Food processing industries
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It is believed that the geographical location of
India allows the country to receive well over
4500 trillion kWh of pure solar energy each year,
which is far beyond the annual power consumption
of India, and even that of the United States who
in 2004 used less than 4 trillion kWh of energy.
The main con of solar energy which lies at the
heart of the debate of proposed solar
installations for many countries such as India is
the cost, but as time goes by, manufacturing
methods can become more cost effective, therefore
making the end product cheaper for consumers.
India will take a huge advantage of the available
solar energy supplied to the country in the
future, and we can hope this will lead to an
improved standard of living for much of the
population.
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Government-funded solar energy in India only
accounted for approximately 6.4 megawatt-years
of power as of 2005
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Estimated Solar Energy For United States  In
Kilowatt Hours Per Region
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The solar irradiance figures indicate the average
annual energy available per square metre
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As the graphs have shown, solar energy usage in
the United States, and in the world, is only a
small portion of the large amount of energy
consumption domestically and internationally.
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GRID CONNECT This is becoming the most important
market for the PV industry. Many councils are
installing grid connect systems on their own
offices, as well as public buildings, for example
libraries and schools. As the name suggests, you
connect your solar panels to the electricity grid
system, and sell your power back to your
supplier via an inverter in your meter box.
During the day, when the sun shines, you make
more power than your normal load requires, and
this is sold back to the grid. However, at
night, you will be buying it back. In the summer
you will make more power than the winter, as
there are more peak sun hours. You could save
several hundred dollars off your power bill, but
this will depend on the number of panels in your
array, and the consumption of all your
appliances, which is measured in Kilo Watt hours
(KWh).      PV installations are currently
receiving governmental support, (PVRB) and will
add value to any house that has this investment.
Also, if/when energy prices are increased, the
returns on investment will become more
significant. The contribution to reducing green
house gas emissions should not be ignored.
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• Main reasons why people choose Solar Charge Grid
  connected power for their suburban home
• Independence - generate your own power
• Lifestyle - choosing to reduce their dependence
  on fossil fuel
• Save - reduce power bills, add value to their
  home
• Interest - lve always wanted to use solar power
  on my home
• Concern - future of electricity pricing
• Protect - want to actively help the environment
• Popular - fastest growing use of solar power
  worldwide

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GRID CONNECT WITH BATTERY BACK UP This
installation has two features It sells your
power back to the grid system (as above). It
provides power when there is a power cut, or
brown out The installation is the same as grid
connect, but in addition, has a battery bank
which is charged by the solar panels. Excess
solar power is sold to the grid. The significant
advantage of this system is that it can provide
power to the house in the event of power failure
. The 12 or 24 DC Volt battery power is changed
to 240Volt AC via an inverter. Depending on the
Amp Hour rating (size) of the battery bank, it
will run house holds appliances e..g. fridge
lights TV etc.
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The conversion efficiency is calculated by
measuring the net energy delivered to the grid
and dividing it by the solar energy hitting the
dish mirrors.
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Solar to grid efficiency
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Benefits of Solar Energy

• Extends the Workday
• Improves Health
• Stems Urban Migration
• Improves Fire-Reduction
• Improves Literacy
• Conserves Foreign Exchange
• Conserves Energy
• Reduces Maintenance
• Reduces local air pollution
• Offsets greenhouse gases
• Reduces kerosene-induced fires

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THANK YOU