W.E.B.%20

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W.E.B. Booker T.

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W.E.B. Booker T.

• http//www.pbs.org/wgbh/pages/frontline/shows/race
  /etc/road.html

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W.E.B. Booker T.
Two great leaders of the black community in the
late 19th and 20th century were W.E.B. Du Bois
and Booker T. Washington.

• http//www.pbs.org/wgbh/pages/frontline/shows/race
  /etc/road.html

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W.E.B. Booker T.
However, they sharply disagreed on strategies for
black social and economic progress.

• http//www.pbs.org/wgbh/pages/frontline/shows/race
  /etc/road.html

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W.E.B. Booker T.
Their opposing philosophies can be found in much
of today's discussions over how to end class and
racial injustice, what is the role of black
leadership?

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  /etc/road.html

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W.E.B. Booker T.

• Booker T. Washington, educator, reformer and the
  most influentual black leader of his time
  (1856-1915) preached a philosophy of self-help,
  racial solidarity accommodation.

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  /etc/road.html

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W.E.B. Booker T.

• He urged blacks to accept discrimination for the
  time being and concentrate on elevating
  themselves through hard work and material
  prosperity.

• http//www.pbs.org/wgbh/pages/frontline/shows/race
  /etc/road.html

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social integration versus economic
(self)-sufficiency.

• The great educator and founder of the now-famous
  Tuskegee Institute (in 1881) argued
  persuasively that industrial training was a
  powerful resource in building economic
  self-sufficiency and a sense of self-respect
  among African Americans. He promoted a rigorous
  program of education in what would today be
  called the blue-collar professions.

• African American History by Melba Duncan

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W.E.B. Booker T.

• Booker T. believed in education in the crafts,
  industrial and farming skills, patience,
  enterprise and thrift. This would win the respect
  of whites and lead to full acceptance as
  integrated citizens

• http//www.pbs.org/wgbh/pages/frontline/shows/race
  /etc/road.html

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social integration versus economic
(self)-sufficiency.

• The Harvard-educated writer and civil rights
  activist W. E. B. DuBois, among many others,
  ridiculed this approach.

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social integration versus economic
(self)-sufficiency.

• Washington drew intense criticism from African
  American thinkers, for his opinion on social
  equality He argued that it was inappropriate for
  African Americans to struggle for social parity
  with whites before having achieved economic
  equality.

• African American History by Melba Duncan

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W.E.B. Booker T.

W.E.B. Du Bois, a towering black intellectual,
scholar and political thinker (1868-1963) said no
Washington's strategy would serve only to
perpetuate white supremacy, and oppression.

• http//www.pbs.org/wgbh/pages/frontline/shows/race
  /etc/road.html

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W.E.B. Booker T.

Du Bois advocated political action and a civil
rights agenda (he helped found the NAACP).

• http//www.pbs.org/wgbh/pages/frontline/shows/race
  /etc/road.html

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W.E.B. Booker T.

Du Bois advocated political action and a civil
rights agenda (he helped found the NAACP). He
said, The Negro Race, like all races, is going
to be saved by its exceptional men.

• http//www.pbs.org/wgbh/pages/frontline/shows/race
  /etc/road.html

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W.E.B. Booker T.

• The problem of education then, among Negroes,
  must first of all deal with the Talented Tenth.
  It is the problem of developing the best of this
  race that they may guide the Mass away from the
  contamination and death of the worst.

• http//www.pbs.org/wgbh/pages/frontline/shows/race
  /etc/road.html

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W.E.B. Booker T.

• At the time, the Washington/Du Bois dispute
  polarized African American leaders into two
  wings--the 'conservative' supporters of
  Washington and his 'radical' critics.

• http//www.pbs.org/wgbh/pages/frontline/shows/race
  /etc/road.html

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W.E.B. Booker T.

• The Du Bois philosophy of agitation and protest
  for civil rights flowed directly into the Civil
  Rights movement which began to develop in the
  1950's and exploded in the 1960's.

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W.E.B. Booker T.

• Booker T. today is associated, perhaps unfairly,
  with the self-help/ colorblind/ Republican/
  Clarence Thomas/Thomas Sowell wing of the black
  community and its leaders. The Nation of Islam
  and Afrocentrism also derive from this strand out
  of Booker T.'s philosophy. However, the latter
  advocated withdrawal from the mainstream in the
  name of economic advancement.

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Todays agenda
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Todays agenda
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Todays agenda
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Rev. Jesse Jackson
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Rev. Jesse Jackson
The more closely one looks at American history,
the harder it is to escape the conclusion that it
does in fact resonate like circles in a pond,
from the central fact of slavery.
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social integration versus economic
(self)-sufficiency.

• Shortly after the founding of the NAACP in 1909,
  three other groups merged to form the National
  Urban League. This new organization focused on
  the many challenges and obstacles faced by
  African Americans in U.S. cities.

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social integration versus economic
(self)-sufficiency.

• ... it does not belittle African-American
  creativity and determination to conclude that
  given existing power relationships heavily
  favoring whites, southern Blacks could not
  possibly eliminate racial inequality without
  outside federal assistance.

Steven F. LawsonCharles PayneJames T. Patters.
Debating the Civil Rights Movement, 1945-1968
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social integration versus economic
(self)-sufficiency.

• Furthermore, Washington officials had to protect
  African Americans from intimidation and violence
  to allow them to carry out their challenges to
  discrimination. Without this room for
  maneuvering, civil rights advocates would
  encounter insurmountable hurdles in confronting
  white power.

Steven F. LawsonCharles PayneJames T. Patters.
Debating the Civil Rights Movement, 1945-1968
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social integration versus economic
(self)-sufficiency.

• Although united around the struggle against white
  supremacy, premacy, African Americans were not
  monolithic in their outlook and held various
  shades of opinion on how best to combat racial
  bias. By allocating precious resources and
  conferring recognition on particular elements
  within local Black communities, national leaders
  could accelerate ate or slow down the pace of
  racial change.

Steven F. LawsonCharles PayneJames T. Patters.
Debating the Civil Rights Movement, 1945-1968
32
Todays agenda
? Fridays No. 1
? Fridays No. 2
? Quiz on text reading (by teams)
? W.E.B. Booker T.
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? Preview NAACP
Assignments

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social integration versus economic
(self)-sufficiency.

• What do YOU think about this continuing question
• Participate in a discussion to help focus your
  thoughts,
• Then post a short statement in answer to the
  question,
• Given what you know of everything that has gone
  before, what do you consider the most urgent
  civil rights issues of 2015. Put them in an order
  of importance or urgency.
• Broadly speaking, what do you think is the best
  way to confront and solve those problems?
• What would a solution" look like, in your daily
  life and our national quality of life.
• Can you be a racialist without being a racist?

Steven F. LawsonCharles PayneJames T. Patters.
Debating the Civil Rights Movement, 1945-1968
34
Todays agenda
? Fridays No. 1
? Fridays No. 2
? Quiz on text reading (by teams)
? W.E.B. Booker T.
? Quiz on W.E.B. Booker T.
? Preview NAACP
? Assignments

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