Comparing the Layers of Earth

1
Comparing the Layers of Earth

• S6E5.a.

2
Earths layers are compared by

• Temperature
• Density
• (the thickness or depth of the layer)
• Composition
• What each layer is made of or how it is described

3
Which is the outermost layer?

• THE CRUST
• Temperature
• Temp of the air outside to 1600 F
• Density 5km 70km thick

4
The Crust Whats it made of?

• 2 types of crust
• Oceanic mostly basalt rocks
• The thinnest crust
• Continental mostly granite rocks
• The thicker crust

5
What do you find on Earths crust?

• Rocks
• Mountains
• Soil
• Water
• What else???

6
Where the Crust ends and the Mantle begins is an
area called the MOHO Discontinuity.
1909 Andrija Mohorovicic discovers the moho
discontinuity, which is the boundary between
Earths crust and mantle.
7
Next is the Mantle

• Mantle Temperature range
• From 1600 F to 6700 F
• Density of the WHOLE Mantle 2867 km!
• Lets break it apart!

8
The Mantle

• Made of 3 distinct areas
• Lithosphere
• Asthenosphere
• Lower Mantle

9
Mantles Lithosphere

• Density
• approx 100 km
• Composition
• Rigid layer
• Rocky like Crust
• Lithos means Stone
• Unique? Made up by part of the Crust!

10
Mantles Asthenosphere

• Density 300 km
• Composition
• Plastic-like
• Solid, but softer
• Asthenes means weak
• Unique? Makes the plates move! Because its
  slowly flowing.

11
Lower Mantle

• Density 2467 km
• Composition
• Solid
• Unique? Semi-rigid

12
Where the Mantle ends and the Outer Core begins
is an area called the GUTENBERG DISCONTINUITY
? Gutenberg Discontinuity
13
Outer Core

• Temperature 6700 F to 7800 F
• Density 2266 km
• Composition
• Liquid, Molten Metal
• (Fe Ni)

14
What makes the Outer Core unique?

• Creates Earths magnetic field
• High temps from the formation of the planet keep
  the Iron (Fe) Nickel (Ni) liquid

15
Inner Core

• Temperature 7800 F to 13000 F
• HOTTEST LAYER!!!
• Density 1216 km
• Composition
• Dense, solid metal ball of Fe Ni!

16
Whats unique about the Inner Core?

• Extreme pressure squeezes the atoms of the Fe
  Ni so much, they cannot spread out!
• Stays solid!