Title: ??
1??????????
2????
????????
??????
????? ????????
?????
??????
???????
?????
?????????
3??
- ???
- ??????????
- ???????????????????
- ????????????????
- ???
- ???????
- ??????????
- ????????????
- ????????
4???????
- ??????
- ??? ??????? E405
- ????? 4-6-1
- ki_at_iis.u-tokyo.ac.jp
- ??
- ?? 50
- ???? 50
5??
- 2??????
- 3??????
- ????
- ?????
- ?????
- 3?????
- ?????
- ???
6??????
- 6?1? ??2D????????
- 6?8? ???????????
- 6?15? ????????????????
- 6?22? ??????IBR
- 6?29? ????
- 7?6? ????????????
- 7?13? 4?????????
7??????????
- ???????????????????????
- 2????(????)??3????????
- ?????????????????????
82?????3????
- ??????,?????????????????????????
?????
?????
9???????????????(Marr)
??????
3??????
??3????
???????
????
???
?????
??
??
?????
3D???? (shape-from-x)
10????????(2D)
11????????
- ?????? (????,?,???)
- ??????
- ???????
- ????
- PC???, IT
- ??????
??????
12???
??????? (?????????)
????????? (???????)
13???(??)
?????????????????????
14???? (Pixel)
columns
0
1
N-1
n
0
1
rows
m
Digital image M x N pixels
M-1
15??????(???)
80 x 60 pixels
40 x 30 pixels
320 x 240 pixels
160 x 120 pixels
16???
????????? (???????)
??????? (?????????????)
??????? 3 bit 8 level 8 bit 256 level
17???(??)
?????????????????
18?????
256 colors
16.7 million colors
4 colors
16 colors
19??????
20????
- ??????????????????????
- ?????
- ????
- ????
FILTER
?
21?????????????
- ????????
- ??????????
- ?????????
- ?????????
22?????
23???????
0
5
4
6
4
3
8
5
5
7
5
10
8
8
9
7
3
8
0
9
7
8
1
7
9
10
5
3 x 3 (5 x 5) (7 x 7)
24???????(??)
8
6
25???????(??)
????? (5 Gaussian)
???
???????
26???????(??)
????? (Random binary)
???
???????
27???????
- ???????
- ????????????????
- ???????
- ????????????????
- ?????(???)????
28?????????
8
8
29?????????(??)
???????
??????
30???
31???
- ???????(??)??????????
- ???????????? (????????)
- ????????????????
- ???????????????
32??????
Intensity
x
Intensity
x
Intensity
x
331-D ??????
???
1???
2???
Fig. from Digital Image Processing (Springer)
34Gradient-base
2 x 2 ???
3 x 3 ???
??????????????
35Gradient-base (??)
- ????????
- Roberts
- Prewitt
- Sobel
36Gradient-base (??)
37Laplacian operator
4 direction
8 direction
???????????
38Laplacian operator (??)
39Laplacian Of Gaussian
- ??????????????
- Gauss???????(?????)????Laplacian?????
- Laplacian of Gaussian
40Laplacian Of Gaussian (??)
41??????
X
m
????f
y
Z
?????C
????c
Y
x
M
??????
?????
???????M???????m????????????
42????
- ???????????
- ????????(pinhole)????
X
m
????f
y
Z
?????C
????c
Y
x
(X,Y,Z)???????? (x,y)??????????? s????
M
??????
?????
43????(??)
X
x
f
Z
c
C
m
y
Y
M
??????
?????
???????????????,????????
44???(????)
- ?????(???)
- ??????????????
X
x
Z
c
C
y
Y
m
(X,Y,Z)???????? (x,y)???????????
M
??????
?????
45????
46??????
???
????
????
47?????????
- 2??????????
- ??3????????
- ??????????????????
- ?????????????????????????
48??????
???
???-
?????????????????,?????
49????????
3D?????????????????
????????
50???????(????)
?4x4x4x4x4x4x4x4x4250,000????
???! ???1?????? 250,000??????????????! ?3D??????
??????
51???????????
- ???????
- 208?????12????
- L? - 6?
- ARROW? - 3?
- FORK? - 3?
52?????????
- ???? --250,000????
- ????
- 3ARROW - 3x3x3
- 3L - 6x6x6
- 1FORK - 3
?3x3x3x6x6x6x317,496????
53????
54????????
- ????????
- ?????????? -gt ???
- ???????????
55??1 ????????
56?????????????
??????????,???????????????
57??3 ????
????????????????????
58???
- 2??????
- ?????
- ???????
- ?????
- ??????????
- 3???????
- ?????
- ????