IONIC BONDING

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COVALENT BONDING
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COVALENT BONDING
When an atom of one nonmetal shares one or more
electrons with an atom of another nonmetal so
both atoms end up with eight valence electrons
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COVALENT BONDING
IS THE COMPOUND A COVALENT COMPOUND?
C O
2
YES since it is made of only nonmetal elements
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COVALENT BONDING

• NAMING COVALENT COMPOUNDS
• USE THE PREFIX METHOD

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COVALENT BONDING

• 1 MONO 6 HEXA
• 2 DI 7 HEPTA
• 3 TRI 8 OCTA
• 4 TETRA 9 NONA
• 5 PENTA 10 DECA

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COVALENT BONDING

1. Name the first element in the compound
2. Write the prefix on the name that matches the
   subscript number in the formula for the compound
3. Repeat these steps until you have done all of the
   elements in the compound
4. Change the ending of the name of the last element
   to end in -ide

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COVALENT BONDING

• NAMING COVALENT COMPOUNDS
• C carbon 4 tetra
• So C4 tetracarbon

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COVALENT BONDING

• NAMING COVALENT COMPOUNDS
• S sulfur 7 hepta
• So S7 heptasulfur

C S Br O P
4
7
3
9
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COVALENT BONDING

• NAMING COVALENT COMPOUNDS
• Br bromine 3 tri
• So Br tribromine

C S Br O P
4
7
3
9
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COVALENT BONDING

• NAMING COVALENT COMPOUNDS
• O oxygen 1 mono
• So O monoxygen

C S Br O P
4
7
3
9
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COVALENT BONDING

• NAMING COVALENT COMPOUNDS
• P phosphorus 9 nona
• So P9 nonaphosphorus

C S Br O P
4
7
3
9
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COVALENT BONDING

• Put all of the parts together to get the final
  name of the compound

Tetracarbon heptasulfur tribromine monoxygen
nonaphosphorus
This is almost right. The ending on the last
element in the name needs to be changed to
-ide so the final correct name would be
Tetracarbon heptasulfur tribromine monoxygen
nonaphosph
ide
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COVALENT BONDING

• WRITING FORMULAS FOR COVALENT COMPOUNDS
• Write the symbol for the first element in the
  compound
• To write the subscript, use the number that
  matches the prefix for the first element
• Continue until you have used all of the elements
  in the compound

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COVALENT BONDING

• tricarbon pentanitrogen octoflourine dioxide
• tricarbon C3
• pentanitrogen N5
• octoflourine F8
• dioxide O2

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COVALENT BONDING
Put the pieces together and the formula
for Tricarbon pentanitrogen octoflourine
dioxide becomes
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EXCEPTIONS

• When a chemical formula starts with hydrogen, the
  hydrogen atom is acting like an ion and the
  compound is IONIC, not covalent.
• ACIDS have special names based on their formulas

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ACID NAMES

• HCl is hydrochloric acid
• HNO3 is nitric acid
• H2SO4 is sulfuric acid
• H3PO4 is phosphoric acid

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REVIEW QUESTIONS

1. What part of the atom is involved in covalent
   bonding?
2. Covalent compounds are made of elements that are
   both ___________.
3. If you see prefixes in the name of a compound, it
   means its bonding is ___________

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REVIEW QUESTIONS

• 4. What is the chemical name for C7H3Br6?
• What is the chemical name for H2O?
• What is the chemical formula for monosulfur
  dioxide?
• What is the chemical formula for trinitrogen
  hexaflourine disulfur monophosphide?