Chapter 7 Ionic Bonding

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Chapter 7Ionic Bonding
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Bellringer

• Define a cation and an anion. Give one example
  of each.
• Cations
• Anions

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Ions

• Remember
• Cations positively charged atoms that have lost
  electrons
• Anions negatively charged atoms that have
  gained electrons
• Valence Electrons electrons in the highest
  occupied energy level of an atom
• Octet Rule all atoms want to be like noble
  gases and have 8 electrons

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Vocabulary Activity

• Valence electrons
• Electron dot structures
• Octet rule
• Halide ions
• Cations
• Anions
• Ionic compounds
• Ionic Bonds
• Chemical Formula
• Formula Unit
• Coordination Number
• Metallic Bonds
• Alloys
• Ionization Energy
• Electronegativity
• Atomic Radii
• Alkali Metals
• Alkaline Earth Metals
• Halogens

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Ionic Bond Formation

• Ionic Bond form between a metal cation and
  nonmetal anion
• To follow the octet rule, the cation gives up an
  electron(s) to the anion, which bonds the two
  ions together.
• When the two ions bond, they become a neutrally
  charged compound.

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Electron Dot Diagrams

• Electron dot diagrams can be used to illustrate
  how many valence electrons an atom has.
• Examples

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Fixed Charge Ionic Compounds Formula to Name

• Steps (MgS)
• The cation always comes first in the name
  (magnesium)
• The anion comes second in the name, and the
  suffix -ide is added to the stem of the anion
  name (sulfide)
• Final name Magnesium sulfide

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Fixed Charge Ionic Compounds Name to Formula

• Steps (Aluminum oxide)
• Write down the charge and symbol of the cation
  (Al3)
• Write down the charge and symbol of the anion
  (O2-)
• Remember that ionic compounds are neutral. Use
  the necessary number of cations and anions to
  balance the charges. (2 Al and 3 O)
• Final formula Al2O3

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Polyatomic Ion Nomenclature Formula to Name

• Rules Fe(NO3)2
• Decide if the cation shows variable change. If it
  does, you will have to use a Roman numeral to
  denote the charge. (Iron (II))
• Determine the name of the polyatomic ion.
  (Nitrate)
• Final name Iron (II) nitrate
• Ca(ClO3)2
• If the cation does not show variable change, you
  do not need a Roman numeral (calcium)
• Determine the name of the polyatomic ion
  (chlorate).
• Final name Calcium chlorate

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Polyatomic Ion Nomenclature Name to Formula

• Rules (copper (II) chlorate)
• The first word provides the symbol of the cation
  (Cu).
• The Roman numeral provides the charge of the
  cation (2).
• The second word provides the symbol of the anion
  (ClO3-).
• Remember the charges need to balance out, so
  provide the correct number of ions needed to gain
  a neutral charge.
• Final name Cu(ClO3)2