SH 318- The Speech

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SH 318- The Speech Hearing Mechanism

• Instructor Dr. Bridget Russell
• Time 1230-150
• Room McEwen G26

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Expectations!!
Science? Speech Pathology? Anatomy
Physiology?
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Students Perspective
Your expectations
Interests
Learning
Fears
Information
Background
Future goals
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My Expectations!?!
Basic Skills
Function
Process
Structure
Therapy
Diagnosis
Resources
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Syllabus

• Everything you need to know and more!!
• Guide for the semester
• Read carefully
• Course requirements
• Office hours
• Lab schedule
• Exam schedule

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Text Information

• REQUIRED
• Functional Anatomy of Speech, Language Hearing.
  Perkins Kent
• Other texts on Reserve

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What will be covered?

• Respiratory System
• Laryngeal System
• Supraglottal System
• Hearing System

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Exams

• Three exams
• 25 each
• Third exam (NOT cumulative)
• Concepts are integrated!
• Multiple Guess T/F
• Final on exam week?

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Research Articles

• 3 topic areas
• Due dates on syllabi
• 3 articles in each area
• Read and outline the article on the back
• 3 ring binder
• 15 of grade

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Speech Science Lab

• Lab group assignments (Good times? Nov 13, 15,
  27)
• Compile group report of measurements
• 10 of Grade
• Aerophone, CSL, Visipitch, Spirometer

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Services Help

• Lectures- Internet
• Learning Center
• Labs
• Medical dictionary
• Other resources (articles, texts)
• Office hours course policies
• TA- Questions tutoring

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The Speech Process
Respiratory System
Nervous System
Auditory System
Articulatory System
Phonatory System
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The Circle

• Nervous System
• Encodes ideas
• Control of speech muscles
• Respiratory System
• Generation of air pressure
• Drives the sound generator
• Phonatory System (Laryngeal)
• Muscles of the larynx
• Vibratory energy

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The Circle

• Articulatory System (Supralaryngeal)
• Muscles of the vocal tract
• Expends vibratory energy
• Auditory System
• Ear, Muscles, Bones
• Transforms the acoustic waves of speech

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General Terms

• Anatomy The study of the structure of an
  organism
• Physiology The study of the function of the
  living organism and its parts as well as the
  chemical processes involved
• Related fields Cytology, Histology, Osteology,
  Myology, arthrology, neurology

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Building Blocks of Anatomy Tissue

• Cells Tissues
• 100 trillion cells
• 1) Function
• ingestion of nutrients
• breakdown utilization of nutrients metabolic,
  discharge of wastes
• Four Basic Types of Tissue
• epithelium
• connective tissue
• nerve
• muscle

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Tissue

• Epithelium
• Sheets of cells covering external surfaces of the
  body line cavities
• Cells little intracellular substance, adhere,
  avascular
• Function Protection Absorption
• Glandular, myepithelium, neuroepithelium

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Tissue

• Epithelium (cont.)
• Classified by cell layers
• simple epithelium
• stratified
• Classified by shape
• squamous
• cubodial
• columnar

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Tissue

• Connective
• Types Connective tissue proper, cartilage bone
• 1) Connective tissue proper
• few living cells
• nonliving intracellular material
• 3 types of tissue collagen, elastic, reticular
• Loose
• Dense (irregular, regular tendons, ligaments)

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A. Loose (3)
A. Reticular Fibers
A. Collagen Fibers
A. Elastic Fibers
B. Dense Irregular Connective Tissue
C. Dense Regular Connective Tissue
Connective Tissue
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Tissue

• Connective Tissue Proper (cont.)
• Tendon regular connective tissue attach muscle
  to bone
• Ligaments regular connective tissue connects
  bones and cartilage's
• 2) Cartilage
• rigid consistency, flexibility, slight elasticity
• form resistant to pressure (unlike CTP)
• composed of matrix (cytoplasm)
• 3 types Hyaline, Elastic, Fibrous

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Cartilage
Fibrous
Hyaline
Elastic
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3 Types of Cartilage

• Hyaline
• fine network of collagen fibers
• most common type
• most rigid form
• found in nose, larynx, rib cage (between bony
  ribs sternum)
• Elastic
• dense network of elastic some collagen fibers
• less rigid
• form to external ear
• Fibrous
• cells occur in rows collagen fibers in bundles
• Found in the disks between the vertebrae