PARTICIPLES

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PARTICIPLES PARTICIPIAL PHRASES

• What is an adjective?
• An adjective is a word that describes a noun or
  pronoun.
• Adjectives will answer the questions which one,
  what kind, or how many?
• Example She wore a blue sweater today.

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PARTICIPLES PARTICIPIAL PHRASES

• A verb form that is used as an ADJECTIVE.
• PAST or PRESENT
• End in ing, -d, -ed, en, -t

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PARTICIPLES PARTICIPIAL PHRASES

• Participles can be found at the beginning,
  middle, or end of a sentence, but they MUST BE
  relatively close to the noun or pronoun they
  modify.
• Participles are ONE WORD.
• Participial phrases consist of that ONE WORD plus
  modifiers (all the words that refer to that
  participle).

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PARTICIPLES PARTICIPIAL PHRASES

• STEPS to finding the
• participle or participial phrase
• 1. Find the subject.
• 2. Find the real verb.
• 3. Look for other words that look like verbs
  (word endings are the clue).

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EXAMPLE 1

• The pouring rain drove us inside for the party.
• Pouring is the participle (What kind of rain?
  The pouring rain.)
• It describes rain.
• Avoid getting the participle confused with the
  REAL verb in this case drove.

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EXAMPLE 2

• Known for her patience, Mrs. Williams was his
  favorite teacher.
• known is the participle (Which teacher? The
  known one.)
• for her patience is the modifier
• This phrase describes Mrs. Williams.
• Subject and REAL verb Mrs. Williams was

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EXAMPLE 3

• The marine biologist, diving near a reef, saw a
  shark.
• diving is the participle (Which biologist? The
  one diving.)
• near a reef is the modifier
• This phrase describes the biologist.
• Subject and real verb biologist saw

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PARTICIPLES PARTICIPIAL PHRASES

• Twirling their canes, the dancers tapped across
  the stage.

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PARTICIPLES PARTICIPIAL PHRASES

• She heard me sighing loudly.
• Participial phrases may have modifiers such as
  adverbs.

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PARTICIPLES PARTICIPIAL PHRASES

• A peeled and sliced cucumber can be added to a
  garden salad.

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PRACTICE

• The bike had a broken spoke.
• Her smiling face made everyone happy.
• The frightened child was crying loudly.
• The people were frightened by the growling dog.
• The squeaking wheel needs some grease.

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PRACTICE

• The man running slowly still finished the race.
• The boy having been scolded finally did his work.
• The teacher, having retired, could now travel
  widely.
• The soldier, having saluted his superior,
  continued on his way.
• The truck swerving and sliding hit the brick wall.