?????? DNS

1
?????? DNS
2
???????????? ?????? DNS
?????????? ? ?????? ??????? ??????????, ?????????
???? ????? ?????? ?? ????, ??????????
IP-??????. ??, ???????? ??????? ????? ? ???????
????????? ????????? ????????????? ????? ???????
?????, ??? ?????? ????????????????? ??? ????
?????.

• ?????? ???????????? ?????????, ??????????????
  ?????? ????? ?? IP-??????
• ????????? ??? ??????? ?????????? ???? hosts
• ???????????????? ????????????? ?????? ???? DNS

3
??????? ???????? ???? DNS

• DNS ???? ??????? ????? ???????????? (Paul
  Mockapetris ) ? 1983.
• ??????????? DNS ???????? ?????????? ? ???????
  ?????? ????????, ?? ??????? ???????????
  ??????????
• ??????? ? 90-? ?????, DNS ????? ???????????? ?
  ???????? ??????????? ???????????? ????????
  ???????? ?????????????? ???????? - ???????? Round
  Robin, ??????? ??????????? ????????? ????????
  ???? ??? ?????? ?? ??????? ????????
• ???? ????? (????????? ?????) ? ???????? ?????????
  ?????????? - ????????? IP ??????.

4
?????? DNS

• ??????? ???????? ???? ???????? ??????, ??
  ??????? ?????????? ?????? ??????????????
  ????????, ? ?????? ?? ?????????????? Uniform
  Resource Identifier
• ? ??????? ???????? ???? ??????????? ???????
  ????????
• ?????? ??????? ?????????? root
• ?????? ??????? ??? ???????? ?????? (top-level ???
  TLD) ?????? ??????????? ? ???????????? .com,
  .org, .ru
• ????? ?????? ?????? ??????? ??????, ????????,
  ????????????? microsoft.com

5
DNS ???????? ?????????

• ????????? ????????????? DNS ??? ?????????? ????
  ?????
• ?????????? ???????????????? ???? IP-??????
• ?????????? FQDN (Fully Qualified Domain Name
  ????????? ???????????? ??? ??????) ? ??? IP-?????
• ????????? ???? ??????? ???????????? ???? DNS,
  ??????????????? ??? ???????????????? ???????
• ?????? ???????? ???????????? (????? ??????????)
  ?? ??????, ??????????? ? ?????????? ?????? ???
  ?????????

6
???????????? ???? DNS
????????????? ????? ??? ?????
ARPA - ??????????? ???, ???????????? ???
????????? ?????????? DNS (?? IP-?????? ? ??????
??? ????)
????????? ???????? ???????????? ????????????
?????? ??????? ?????? ? ?????? ????????????
??????? ??? ??????? ?????? ?????????? (????????,
microsoft.com), ? ?? ???????????? ?????? ????????
????.
7
DNS ?????????? ???? ?????

• ?????? DNS ?????? ??????? ????? ??????? ????????
  ?????????? ????
• A ???????????? ?????????? ????? ???? ? ????,
  ??????????? ??? ??? IP-??????
• NS ????????? ?? ??????? DNS, ????????????? ??
  ?????????? ????? ? ??? ?????????
• MX ??????????, ??? ?????? ???? ????????
  ???????? ??????? ??? ????????????? ??????
• PTR ????????????? ??????????? ??? ?????????
  ?????????, ???????????? IP-?????? ???? ??? FQDN
• SRV ???????????? ????????? ?????? ?????? ???
  ?????????? ????? ? ????????
• SOA ?????? ??????? ????????? ?????? ????
• CNAME (alias) - ?????????? ???? ??? ?? ??????

8
DNS ?????? ? ????

• ?????????? ? ???????, ?????????? ? ?? ???????
  DNS, ???????????? ? ????. ???? ???????? ???????
  ?????????? ?????? ????? ????????? DNS.
• Windows Server ???????????? ????????? ???? ???
• ??????????? ???????? (standard primary) ???????
  ????? ??????????? ????
• ??????????? ?????????????? (standard secondary)
  ????? ???????? ????
• ??????????????? ? Active Directory (Active
  Directoryintegrated) - ??? ?????????? ? ????
  ???????? ? ???? ????? ?????? ? ???? ?????? AD
• ????-???????? (stub, ?????? ? Windows 2003)
  ?????? ??? ????

9
DNS ?????? ? ????
????? ??????? ????? ??????????, ???????????
?????? ? ????????????? ????, ? ????? ?? ?????????
? ??????????? ???????? ?????????? ? ??????. ????
??? ?????? ????????????? ?????????? ? ?????????
??? ???????? DNS, ??????? ???????? ?? ??????
????? ? ?????????.
10
DNS ?????? ? ????

• ????, ????????????? ?? ?????????? ??????,
  ???????? ?????? ??????? ????????? (forward lookup
  zones)
• ?????? ??? ?????????? ???? ????? ? IP-??????
• ???????? ????? ???????????? ??? ????? ????
  ?????? A, CNAME, SRV
• ??? ??????????? ????? ???? ?? ??? IP-??????
  ?????? ???? ????????? ????????? (reverse lookup
  zones)
• ???????? ??? ?????? ? ???????? ????? PTR
• ??? ??????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ???????????
  ????? ? ?????? in-addr.arpa

11
??????????? ?????? DNS
??
12
??????????? ?????? DNS
??