National Institutes of Health Building 37 Modernization

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National Institutes of HealthBuilding 37
Modernization

• Katie L. McGimpsey
• Mechanical Option
• The Pennsylvania State University
• Department of Architectural Engineering
• Spring 2005 Thesis

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Presentation Outline

• General Project Information
• Project Team
• Existing Conditions
• Redesign Goals
• Mechanical Redesign
• Solar Analysis
• Structural Analysis
• Conclusions
• Acknowledgements
• Questions

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General Project Information

• Located in Bethesda, Maryland on the National
  Institutes of Health (NIH) campus
• Began modernization phases in 1997
• 82.8 million

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Presentation Outline

• General Project Information
• Project Team
• Existing Conditions
• Redesign Goals
• Mechanical Redesign
• Solar Analysis
• Structural Analysis
• Conclusions
• Acknowledgements
• Questions

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Project Team

• Owners
• National Institutes of Health (NIH)
• National Cancer Institute (NCI)
• Architects
• FLAD Associates, Inc.
• Louviere, Stratton Yokel (LSY)
• Engineers
• AEPA Architects Engineers, P.C.
• Affiliated Engineers, Inc. (MEP)
• James Posey Associates, Inc. (Consulting
  Engineers)
• Aerosol Monitoring Analysis (Environmental)
• Rathgeber/Goss Associates (Structural)
• JBG Engineers (Audiovisual)
• General Contractor
• Whiting Turner
• CM
• Smith Management Construction, Inc.

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Presentation Outline

• General Project Information
• Project Team
• Existing Conditions
• Redesign Goals
• Mechanical Redesign
• Solar Analysis
• Structural Analysis
• Conclusions
• Acknowledgements
• Questions

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Existing Conditions

• Architectural Features
• Two circulation towers
• Four utility corridors
• Architectural Design
• 21,889 m2 (235,613 ft2)
• 6 stories above grade
• Offices laboratories
• Mechanical penthouse

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Existing Conditions

• Electrical/Lighting
• Underground duct system from Bldg 36
• Main distribution 4000A, 480Y/277V, 3-phase,
  4-wire
• Transformers (3) 2500kVA, 13.8kV to 480Y/277V,
  3-phase, 4-wire
• Fluorescent light fixtures RF suppression
  ballasts
• Laboratory lighting density 2.5 W/m2

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Existing Conditions

• Structural
• Steel column grid matrix
• Pre-cast concrete panels
• Pre-tensioned concrete floor slabs
• Roof System
• Concrete slab on metal roof deck
• Roof drains

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Existing Conditions

• Mechanical
• (8) 100 OA AHUs supplying to a zoned VAV system
• Approximately 28,000-29,000 L/s (59,000-61,000
  cfm)
• (8) Fume exhaust fans 32,000 L/s (68,000 cfm)
• District heating/cooling
• Chilled water 6ºC, (3) constant speed tertiary
  pumps
• Steam 20,000 lbs/hr, 165 psi
• Fire Protection
• Passive System
• Corridors 1 hour fire rating
• Independent risers for fume hoods
• Active System
• Zoned automatic sprinkler system

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Presentation Outline

• General Project Information
• Project Team
• Existing Conditions
• Redesign Goals
• Mechanical Redesign
• Solar Analysis
• Structural Analysis
• Conclusions
• Acknowledgements
• Questions

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Redesign Goals

• Mechanical
• Energy Efficient
• Decreased Cooling Load
• Cost Savings
• State-of-the-Art Laboratory and Research Facility
• Solar
• Decrease Peak Electrical Load
• Cost Efficient
• Structural
• Support Additional Loads of New Equipment

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Redesign Goals

• Mechanical Design Conditions

Outdoor Design Conditions Outdoor Design Conditions Outdoor Design Conditions
Cooling DBT ºC WBT ºC
34.3 24.1
Heating -10.3 N/A
Indoor Design Conditions Indoor Design Conditions Indoor Design Conditions
Cooling DBT ºC RH
23 50
Heating 21 50
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Presentation Outline

• General Project Information
• Project Team
• Existing Conditions
• Redesign Goals
• Mechanical Redesign
• Solar Analysis
• Structural Analysis
• Conclusions
• Acknowledgements
• Questions

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Mechanical Redesign

• Passive Desiccant Dehumidification Energy
  Recovery
• Cross-contamination concerns with fume hoods
• Based on SEMCO model EXCLU-SIEVE 3 ? molecular
  sieve desiccant coating

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Mechanical Redesign

• SEMCO EXCLU-SIEVE TE3-70 Model

AHU Face Velocity Pressure Loss Effectiveness Unit Effectiveness Cooling Unit Effectiveness Cooling Unit Effectiveness Heating Unit Effectiveness Heating Purge Volume Chiller Reduction Capacity Boiler Reduction Capacity
Fpm In. wg Supply Return Supply Return cfm tons boiler hp
AHU-1 800 0.8 83.5 1.73 0.63 1.22 0.51 3800 336.23 147.12
AHU-2 850 0.9 82.5 1.73 0.63 1.22 0.51 3800 347.44 152.03
AHU-3 850 0.9 82.5 1.73 0.63 1.22 0.51 3800 347.44 152.03
AHU-4 800 0.8 83.5 1.73 0.63 1.22 0.51 3800 336.23 147.12
AHU-5 800 0.8 83.5 1.73 0.63 1.22 0.51 3800 336.23 147.12
AHU-6 800 0.8 83.5 1.73 0.63 1.22 0.51 3800 336.23 147.12
AHU-7 850 0.9 82.5 1.73 0.63 1.22 0.51 3800 347.44 152.03
AHU-8 850 0.9 82.5 1.73 0.63 1.22 0.51 3800 347.44 152.03
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Mechanical Redesign

• Performance Data
• Velocity 900 fpm
• Wheel efficiency 76
• Pressure drop 0.94 in. wg
• Wheel model size 70
• Airflow rate 29,900 L/s (63,360 cfm)
• Unit Dimensions
• Net weight 4680 lbs
• Flow area/side 70.4 ft2
• Nominal airflow 26,500 L/s (56,000 cfm)

C 89.4 in B 79.1 in
W 23.0 in
A 171.5 in
D 84.3 in
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Mechanical Redesign
AHU- Equipment First Cost () Installation Cost () First Cost Savings () Immediate Payback w/ Positive PCV () Cooling Capacity Required (tons) Existing Cooling Load (tons) Heating Capacity Required (MBH) Existing Heating Load (MBH)
AHU-1 45,000 22,500 60,362 233,838 161.59 178.6 1165 415.7
AHU-2 45,000 22,500 64,030 241,280 168.02 204 1217 105.8
AHU-3 45,000 22,500 64,030 241,280 168.02 175 1217 104.1
AHU-4 45,000 22,500 60,362 233,838 161.59 168.2 1165 87.1
AHU-5 45,000 22,500 60,362 233,838 161.59 167.8 1165 80.3
AHU-6 45,000 22,500 60,362 233,838 161.59 167.1 1165 72.4
AHU-7 45,000 22,500 64,030 241,280 168.02 167.4 1217 74.3
AHU-8 45,000 22,500 64,030 241,280 168.02 165.7 1217 80.9
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Presentation Outline

• General Project Information
• Project Team
• Existing Conditions
• Redesign Goals
• Mechanical Redesign
• Solar Analysis
• Structural Analysis
• Conclusions
• Acknowledgements
• Questions

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Solar Analysis

• Photovoltaic (PV) Solar Cells
• Converts solar radiation into electric power
• Feasibility
• 4-5kWh/m2/day
• Peak Electric Load
• 5,846,644 kWh
• BP Solar 4160 S
• 62.7x31.1
• 2480 modules
• 512,216 kWh

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Solar Analysis
Total Initial Costs 3,424,712
2.1 years
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Presentation Outline

• General Project Information
• Project Team
• Existing Conditions
• Redesign Goals
• Mechanical Redesign
• Solar Analysis
• Structural Analysis
• Conclusions
• Acknowledgements
• Questions

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Structural Impact Analysis

• Increased Loading

Mechanical Equip. 4,680 lbs
PV Solar Modules 84,320 lbs
Total 121,760 lbs 121.8 kips

• ASCE 7-98
• Roof Live Load (Lr20R1R216 psf)
• Reduction in Live Load
• LRFD
• Member sizing (Columns and Composite Beams)

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Structural Impact Analysis
Roof Design
Non-composite 1.3C24 with t3.3 LW concrete slab
W12x26 Composite Beam
Column Design
Mechanical Floor Design
253 kips 203kips
516 kips 413 kips
165N4k Joist Girder
778 kips 623 kips
Composite 3VLI17 with t6.5 NW concrete slabs
1040 kips 833 kips
16K2 Joists with 2 Rows Bridging
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Presentation Outline

• General Project Information
• Project Team
• Existing Conditions
• Redesign Goals
• Mechanical Redesign
• Solar Analysis
• Structural Analysis
• Conclusions
• Acknowledgements
• Questions

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Conclusions

• Recommendations

Equipment First Cost () Installation Cost () First Cost Savings () Immediate Payback w/ Positive PCV () Cooling Capacity Required (tons) Existing Cooling Load (tons) Heating Capacity Required (MBH) Existing Heating Load (MBH)
Total 360,000 180,000 497,568 1,900,472 1318.44 1393.8 9530 10206
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Presentation Outline

• General Project Information
• Project Team
• Existing Conditions
• Redesign Goals
• Mechanical Redesign
• Solar Analysis
• Structural Analysis
• Conclusions
• Acknowledgements
• Questions

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Acknowledgements

• Special Thanks to
• The AE Department, Staff Faculty
• AEI sponsor Michael Soong
• LSY sponsors James Louviere and Christine Ward
• Smith Management sponsor Randy Baer
• Mechanical Professors, especially Dr. Jim
  Freihaut
• My Family and Friends
• AE Class of 2005

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Questions