Unit One: Beginning Chemistry

1

• Unit One Beginning Chemistry
• 1. Atoms, Elements, Compounds
• Names Symbols
• Atomic structure, volume of atom
• Periodic Table Introduction
• calculating atomic mass, atomic ,
• p, e-, n0, carbon-12
• Isotopes nuclear symbol, hyphen symbol
• Ion introduction- symbols
• Worksheets (1.1) (1.2) (1.3)
• Chemistry Tables

2
Structure of the Atom

• Atom smallest unit of an element
• Element pure substance made of only 1 kind of
  atom. - pure gold, pure sulfur, pure copper.
• all listed on periodic chart.
• Compound 2 or more atoms of an element
  chemically combined.- CO2, NaCl, H20
• Symbols for each element periodic chart
• First letter always CAPITAL

3

• 3 main parts to an ATOM
• Neutron Proton Electron
• Symbol n0 p e-
• Charge O positive negative
• Size 1 1 0
• Mass 1 1 0
• Location nucleus nucleus electron cloud

Protons and neutrons can be broken down into
smaller parts called quarks. 3 quarks from
protons, 3 quarks from neutrons
4
Do you think it is possible to walk through
walls?
If the atomic nucleus were the size of this
magnet, the first energy level containing
electrons would be on the second tier stadium
seats.
Photo via permission Dreamstime
5

• Unit One Beginning Chemistry
• 1. Atoms, Elements, Compounds
• Names Symbols
• Atomic structure, volume of atom

6

• Unit One Beginning Chemistry
• Periodic Table Introduction
• calculating atomic mass, atomic ,
• p, e-, n0, carbon-12
• Worksheets (1.1) Periodic Table

7

• Look on periodic chart

Atomic is of protonsidentifies
element .if element is neutral then p e-
17 Cl 35.45
Chlorine has 17 protons or 17 electrons
Atomic Mass is of protons neutrons
Chlorine has 17 protons and 18 neutrons on the
average (Subtract the two numbers)
Ws 1.1
8
(No Transcript)
9
What is element 29 with e-,p,no, atomic mass

• Ag, 29,29,60, 107.87amu
• Cu, 29,29,34.55, 63.55amu
• Cu, 29, 29,35, 63.55amu
• 4. Ni, 29, 29, 34, 58.69amu
• Cu, 29,29,60, 107.87amu

10
Calculate atomic mass of magnesium

1. 12
2. 54.94
3. 24.00
4. 24.31
5. 40.08

11
What is the atomic number for Phosphorus?

1. 19
2. 39.10
3. 15
4. 30.97
5. 16
6. 32.07

12
Calculate of neutrons of Arsenic

1. 33
2. 74.92
3. 74
4. 75
5. 42
6. 41.92
7. 40.92

13

• Atomic mass of all periodic chart
• is based on carbon-12.
• Why?
• All life forms are carbon based organic
• So
• Silicon atomic mass is 28/12 of carbon
• Germanium is 73/12 heavier than carbon
• Tin is 118.7 / 12 heavier than carbon
• Lead is 207 / 12 heavier than carbon

14
What is the weight ratio of vanadium to gold?

1. 12
2. 23
3. 11
4. 14
5. 42
6. 43

15

• Unit One Beginning Chemistry
• 3. Periodic Table Introduction
• calculating atomic mass, atomic ,
• p, e-, n0, carbon-12
• Worksheets (1.1)

16

• Unit One Beginning Chemistry
• 4. Isotopes nuclear symbol, hyphen
  symbol
• Worksheets (1.2) (1.3)

17
Isotopes or Nuclides

• Atoms same p which identify the element but
  atoms may have different of n0.
• Hydrogen H 1p 1e- 0no
• H 1p 1e- 1no
• H 1p 1e- 2no
• Isotopes only concerned with neutrons
• protons do not change
• Isotopes are used in
• cancer detection

18

• 2 ways to write an Isotope
• Nuclear Symbol Hyphen
• Ws. 1.2
• Ws 1.3

19
(No Transcript)
20
50
8
8
5
1
142
21
How many p, e-, no are in the isotope
Chlorine-37

1. 37- 37- 35.45
2. 17- 52.45 - 17
3. 17- 17- 35.45
4. 17- 17- 20

22
How many protons, electrons, neutrons in Calcium-
45

1. 45,45,22
2. 20, 20 45
3. 40.08, 20,20
4. 20,20,25

23
Isotopes of each element differ in

• The number of neutrons in the
  nucleus
• Atomic number
• The number of electrons in the
  highest energy level
• 4. The total number of electrons

24

• Unit One Beginning Chemistry
• Isotopes nuclear symbol, hyphen symbol

25

• Unit One Beginning Chemistry
• 5. Ion introduction- symbols

26
Ion an atom or group of bonded atoms that have
a positive or negative charge

• How do you get a positive or negative charge?
• By gaining or losing an electron.
• Ionization any process resulting in
• the formation of an ion.

27

• Lost an electron Gained an electron
• Become positive become negative
• -
• called cation called Anion
• K1 F-1
• Mg2 O-2
• B3 N-3
• All metals become cations
• OIL RIG

28
Calculate the number of electrons for the cation
Si4.

1. 14
2. 18
3. 4
4. 10

29
The anion for phosphorus-3 contains

1. Ten electrons
2. Eleven electrons
3. Twelve electrons
4. Thirteen electrons
5. Fourteen electrons
6. Fifteen electrons

30
Calculate number of electrons for the anion Br -1

1. 34
2. 35
3. 36
4. 79
5. 80
6. 81

31
introduce ions as electrolytes Pure water does
not conduct a current. Water containing
dissolved salt conducts a current.
32
Pure water does not conduct a current.
33
Water containing dissolved salt conducts a
current.
34

• Change of protons change element
• Change of neutrons it is an isotope
• Change of electrons it is an ion

35

• Unit One Beginning Chemistry
• 1. Atoms, Elements, Compounds
• Names Symbols
• Atomic structure, volume of atom
• Periodic Table Introduction
• calculating atomic mass, atomic ,
• p, e-, n0, carbon-12
• Isotopes nuclear symbol, hyphen symbol
• 5. Ion introduction- symbols
• Worksheets (1.1) (1.2) (1.3)

36
(No Transcript)