Week May 27-May 30

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Week May 27-May 30

• Tuesday Notes on Evolution and receive review
  sheet for final!
• Wednesday Review flipbook and receive passed
  back work
• Thursday Review flipbook
• Friday Review and Jeopardy

2
Yesterday

• Turn in what you completed yesterday at the
  stations.
• If you werent here, you can come in at lunch on
  Monday, after school Monday, or Tuesday to
  complete this!
• It is EXTRA CREDIT for everyone!!

3

• WEEKEND!
• What did you do?

4

• EVOLUTION!
• What does that word mean to you?
• TURN IN

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Charles Darwin

• Born Feb 12, 1809
• Same day as Abraham Lincoln
• H.M.S. Beagle - traveled around the world
• Galapagos Islands
• Looked at finches a small song bird
• Also studied turtles on the different islands
• On trip home came up with his popular book The
  Origin of Species

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• During his travels, Darwin made numerous
  observations and collected evidence that led him
  to propose a revolutionary hypothesis about the
  way life changes over time.
• He helped support the THEORY of Evolution.

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• Darwin observed that the characteristics of many
  animals and plants varied noticeably among the
  different islands of the Galapagos.
• See how the turtles are different on the three
  different islands.

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Did Darwin come up with Evolution?

• Darwin didnt come up with Evolution, but he
  did come up with the process that helps describe
  how evolution occurs
• Natural Selection

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Evolution

• Natural Selection

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Evolution

• Evolution means a change over time or descent
  with modification
• It occurs in populations, not individuals in
  response to environmental pressures
• Natural selection is the mechanism of evolution
  (the way it happens)

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Natural Selection

• Natural Selection Nature selects the best
  adapted varieties to survive and to reproduce. 
• Individuals with a variation of a trait that
  gave them an advantage in staying alive longer
  and to reproduce, which passes these strong
  traits on to future generations.
• Example Galapagos finches with beaks suited to
  eat cactus got more food in one environment,
  others with beak shapes able to get nectar from
  flowers in different environments able to survive
  and reproduce.

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• Natural selection due to the following reasons
• 1. Overproduction organisms produce more
  offspring than can survive
• Fun Facts A fern plant may produce 50 million
  spores each year. If they all survived, in the
  second year they would nearly cover North
  America. An oyster may shed 114,000,000 eggs in a
  single spawning season. If they all survived, the
  ocean would be literally filled with oysters.

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Natural Selection

• 2. Variation Within a population there are
  many differences between organisms. These
  differences are inherited.
• Examples
• Color in flowers
• Length of antlers in elk
• Height in humans
• Shape of beak in birds

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Natural Selection

• 3. Struggle for existence There are limited
  resources, so living things must compete against
  each other to stay alive.
• 4. Survival of the fittest Only the organisms
  best adapted to the environment will live

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Natural Selection

• 5. Populations evolve Over time, the
  favorable adaptations are passed on and the
  entire population changes

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Artificial Selection

• Artificial selection occurs when humans select
  the best traits for plants and animals
• (Can you think of examples?
• Disease-resistant crops
• Beefy cattle
• Horse racing
• Dog breeding
• Lab testing with rats and mice putting desired
  traits within their genes

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Adaptations

• Adaptations are genetic changes that increase
  the survival of a population

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Types of Adaptations

• Mimicry Organisms that copy the appearance of
  another species for protection

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Types of Adaptations

• Camouflage When an organism blends in to its
  surroundings