Genetics

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Genetics
???
Dr. Nongnong Shi
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Chapter 1 Introduction ???
?? 1.1 Concept ????? 1.2 Material and
Content ??????????? 1.3 Establishment and
Development ????????? 1.4 Approaches
??????????? 1.5 Meaning ????????
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Chapter 1 Introduction ??? ??
1.1 Concept
?????????? (inheritance and aberrance)
???????????? ????????? (genetic
information) ???????????????????
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1.2 Material and Content All life style
??(gene) - A gene is a unit of information and
corresponds to a discrete segment of
DNA that encodes the amino acid sequence of a
polypeptide. ?????????,??????????DNA???
???(genome) - ????????????? ???????????????
?????? Regulation of gene expression ????? Gene
recombination
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Four branches Transmission genetics
Cytogenetics Molecular genetics Biometrical
genetics
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1.3 Establishment and Development
8000B.c. 1864 ?????? 1865 1900 ????????
1865? ????? Gregor Mendel (???) ??
????????? Law of Segregation
?????? Law
of Independent

Assortment 1900? ??????????,??????
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1901 1999 ???????? (a century) 1909?
?????? Jonnason(???)?????? 1910?
???????????? 1925? ?????? 1944?
??DNA????? 1953? ??DNA?????,?????????

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60?? ?????? (genetic codon)??????
???????? ????????? 70?? ?????????DNA?????,
???????? ????????????
80?? ??? (transposon) ??? 90??
????????????????????? ?????
?????????
2000 ?????? (post-genome time)
(??????????)
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1.4 Approaches ????? (forward genetics)
?????? (from
phenotype to gene) ????? (reverse
genetics)
?????? (from gene to phenotype)
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• 1) Statistical analysis ????????
• 2) Environmental analysis ????????
• Hybridization ????
• ??????????????/????(??)/?????
• 4) Super-micro structure analysis ??????
• 5) High-speed centrifuging ??????
• 6) Electrophoresis ????
• 7) Tagging ????????
• Gene recombination ?????????
  

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transmission genetics electron
microscope cytogenetics
recombinant DNA technique molecular genetics
pedigree analysis
biometrical genetics
quantitative genetics
population genetics

mating

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transmission genetics electron
microscope cytogenetics
recombinant DNA technique molecular genetics
pedigree analysis
biometrical genetics
quantitative genetics
population genetics

mating
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1.5 Meaning In theory ????????? -
commonness In practice ?? ? ? ? ?? ?? ???????
??????


self-learning
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Questions P15 - 1, 4