Title: biological oxidation
1??? ????
biological oxidation
2??????
?? ?????? ??????? ????????? ????????
3??? ??????
4???????????
5????????
- ????(37C??)
- ???
- ??????
- ??????? CO2
- ??????????? H2O
6??? ??????
7???????CO2??????????
a-????
? ????
ß-????
a-????
? ????
ß-????
8??????????????
RCHO 1/2O2 RCOOH
-2H
RCH2OH RCHO
H2O
-2H
CH3CHO
CH3COOH
-e
Fe2 Fe3
9??? ???????
(mitochondrion)
10?? ???(respiratory chain)
?????????????????????(????)???????,???????(electro
n transport chain)
11?????????
FMN,Fe-S ????
FAD, Fe-S,Cytb ????
Cytb, Fe-S,Cytc1 ????
Cytaa3,Cu ????
12 ????????????
??? ????
- ???(nicotinamide)???(NAD?NADP)
- ????(flavoprotein)(FMN?FAD)
- ????(iron-sulfur cluster)(Fe-S)
- ??(Ubiquinone)(CoQ)
- ?????(Cytochrome)(Cyt)
13???(nicotinamide)????(NAD?NADP)
???
14????(flavoprotein)?(FMN?FAD)
???
15????(iron-sulfur cluster)
????
??????
Fe2
Fe3 e-
16??(CoQ)
(Ubiquinone)
???
17????(Cytochrome)?
??????????
Cytb? Cytc1? Cytc? Cytaa3
???????
????
Fe2
Fe3 e-
18????c??
19?????????????
2e
2H
2e
O2- H2O
2Fe2
2Fe3
2Fe2
2Fe3
aa3?
b c1 c
Cu2
1/2O2
2Fe3
2Fe2
2Fe3
2Fe2
2e
2e
2e
20??????????????
????????
- NADH?????
- ????????(FADH2?????)
21???
FAD.H2 (Fe-S)
2H
2H
2H
2H
NADH FMN Q10 Cytb Cytc1
Cytc aa3 (Fe-S)
(Fe-S)
2e
2e
2e
2e
2e
2H
22?????????
FMN,Fe-S ????
FAD, Fe-S,Cytb ????
Cytb, Fe-S,Cytc1 ????
Cytaa3,Cu ????
23??????NADH???
- ??????NADH???????????,?????????????
- 1?a-????????(????????)
- 2????-????????(????)
24???????????
2H
2ATP
a-??????
????????
25?????????
2H
3ATP
???-??????
????
26??? ?????????
biological oxidation and bioenergetics
27???????????
?? ?? ???
??? ??? ???
??
????A
28??????????
- ????????? gt 30 KJ/mol ????
CH3COSCoA
29?????????ATP???
30ATP?????
1????????
2??????
substrate level phosphorylation
oxidative phosphorylation
31???????????
???1mol????ADP????????? ????(????ATP????)
32???????????????P/O?? ???????????????P/O?? ???????????????P/O?? ???????????????P/O??
?? ?????? P/O?? ??ATP?
ß-??? NAD?FMN?Q?Cytb?c1 ? c?aa3 ? O2 2.42.8 3
??? FAD?Q?Cytb?c1 ? c?aa3 ? O2 1.7 2
???? Cytc?Cytaa3?O2 0.88 1
Cytc(Fe2) Cytaa3?O2 0.610.68 1
???????NADH?Q?Q?Cytc?Cytaa3?O2
33???????ATP?????
??(???)
FAD (Fe-S)
?? NAD FMN Q b
c1 c aa3 O2
(Fe-S)
P
P
P
ADP ATP
ADP ATP
ADP ATP
34???????????
(?)???(mitochondrion)??
????????????????? ATP????
35(No Transcript)
36(No Transcript)
37? ?
?
38????????????
- ???(inhibitor)
- ADP???
- ????(thyroxine)???
- ???(mitochondrial)DNA??(mutation)
39(?)????????
???????????
NADH FMN Q b c1
c aa3 O2
Fe-S
??? ???A
CN?N3- ???
CO?H2S
40(?)???????
- ??????2,4-?????(DNP)
- ???????????????????
- ?????????
- ??????,ATP?????
41(?)ADP???
- ADP/ATP???????
- ADP/ATP???????
42(?)???????
(thyroxine)
????
??
Na-K-ATP???
ATP???
??????
ATP???
????????
43(?)???DNA??
(mitochondrial DNA)
mtDNA????????????????
???????
mtDNA??
ATP????
mtDNA?
??????????????
44??ATP??
45ATP??????
???(????) ???(????) ???(????) ??(???????) ??(????)
?
???
ATP
??(??)
????
C
?
?
CP
??? (??)
ADP
CO2 H2O
Pi
46?????
UTP(????) CTP(????) GTP(?????)
UDP CDP GDP
ATP
ADP
47???????
H2N C-NH2 H3C-N
CH2 COO-
H2N H O
C-NP-OH H3C-N OH CH2
COO-
ATP
ADP
????
??
????(CP)
??????????????