AN INTRODUCTION TO ISLAM

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• AN INTRODUCTION TO ISLAM
• with
• Dr. Seth Ward
• Religious Studies
• University of Wyoming

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Early Islamic Conquests
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•  HADITH OF  GABRIEL
• Muslim, Hadith Chapter 1 Book 001, Number 0001
• Umar ibn al-Khattab, told me One day we were
  sitting in the company of Allah's Apostle (peace
  be upon him) when there appeared before us a man
  dressed in pure white clothes, his hair
  extraordinarily black. There were no signs of
  travel on him. None amongst us recognized him. At
  last he sat with the Apostle (peace be upon him)
  He knelt before him placed his palms on his
  thighs and said
• Muhammad, inform me about al-Islam (submission to
  God).
• The Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) said
  Al-Islam implies that you testify that there is
  no god but Allah and that Muhammad is the
  messenger of Allah, and you establish prayer,
  pay Zakat, observe the fast of Ramadan, and
  perform pilgrimage to the (House) if you are
  solvent enough (to bear the expense of) the
  journey.
• He (the inquirer) said You have told the truth.

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• He (the inquirer) said Inform me
  about Iman (faith).
• He (the Holy Prophet) replied That you affirm
  your faith in Allah, in His angels, in His Books,
  in His Apostles, in the Day of Judgment, and you
  affirm your faith in the Divine Decree about good
  and evil.
• He (the inquirer) said You have told the truth.
• He (the inquirer) again said Inform me
  about al-Ihsan (performance of good deeds).
• He (the Holy Prophet) said That you worship
  Allah as if you are seeing Him, for though you
  don't see Him, He, verily, sees you.

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• He (the enquirer) again said Inform me about the
  hour (of the Doom).
• He (the Holy Prophet) remarked One who is asked
  knows no more than the one who is inquiring
  (about it).
• He (the inquirer) said Tell me some of its
  indications.
• He (the Holy Prophet) said That the slave-girl
  will give birth to her mistress and master,
  that you will find barefooted, destitute
  goat-herds vying with one another in the
  construction of magnificent buildings.

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Islamic Beliefs the Five Pillars

1. Shahadatestimony
2. SalatPrayer
3. SawmFasting
4. Zakat-Alms
5. Hajj-Pilgrimage

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Shahada Testimony There is no God but God,
Muhammad is the Messenger of God
Compare ??? ??????
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Salat

• 5 times a day
• In the hadith of the Night Journey and Ascent to
  Heaven Muhammad goes to the 7th heaven and
  receives the command regarding prayer.
• Term is the same as Aramaic ????? selotha used
  by Christians and Jews.

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God, forgive me and have mercy upon me and guide
me and give me health and strength and sustenance
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Some prayers from Posture 8 omitted
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Prayer Timings Raka'as (Units)
Salat Prayer Timing Fardh (Obligatory) Sunnah Sunnah
Salat Prayer Timing Raka'as (Units) Before Fardh  After Fardh
Fajr (Morning) Between the very beginning of dawn and sunrise 2 2 None
Dhuhr (Noon) Between the declining of the sun Asr 4 4 2
Asr (Late Afternoon) It starts when the shadow of an object is equivalent to its height until (just before) the sunset whereas in the Hanafi method it starts when the shadow of an object is twice its height until (just before) the sunset 4 None None
Maghrib (Evening) Soon after the sunset until the disappearance of the twilight 3 None 2
Isha (Night) After the disappearance of the twilight until midnight 4 None 2Also prayer (Witr) after Ishaa 3
The above table contains only Fard, Witr and emphasized Sunnah (Sunnah Muakkadah) prayers. The above table contains only Fard, Witr and emphasized Sunnah (Sunnah Muakkadah) prayers. The above table contains only Fard, Witr and emphasized Sunnah (Sunnah Muakkadah) prayers. The above table contains only Fard, Witr and emphasized Sunnah (Sunnah Muakkadah) prayers. The above table contains only Fard, Witr and emphasized Sunnah (Sunnah Muakkadah) prayers.
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WORLD WIDE PRAYER TIMES
http//www.islamicity.com/prayertimes/
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Zakat ????

• Term is the same as ????
• Sadaqa is used for extra alms.
• Can be given to any deserving poor (not only
  Muslim).

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Zakat Calculation

• In order to calculate your zakat, please fill all
  of the fields. Please note that Womens jewelry
  is not subject to Zakat unless its amount is
  excessive or the jewelry is not being used.
• 1. Cash on hand and in bank accounts (savings,
  checking)
• 2. Refundable deposits (e.g. on rented apartment)
• 3. Non-delinquent loans (money you loaned to
  others)
• 4. Expected Tax refund     
• 5. Gold and its certificate     
• 6. Shares, stocks, bonds, IRA, pension plans,
  options, etc.
• 7. Business cash on hand and in banks plus
  invoices due.
• 8. Business inventory Enter 0 if less than
  Nisab.
• 9. Net income you are entitled to as of Zakat due
  date.
• 10. Your liabilities

Some Zakat calculators on-line
http//www.islamicity.com/mosque/zakat/zakat_calc
ulator.shtml
http//www.hidaya.org/zakat-calculator.html
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Ramadan

• http//moonsighting.com/

http//quran.com/2/185
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Moon Sighting
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Hajj--Pilgrimage
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http//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kaaba
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Imam Hussein Mosque Karbalah
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Six Beliefs

• God
• Angels
• Prophets
• Books
• Judgment
• Divine Power and Determination

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Conclusions

• Many practices are continuous with those of
  Judaism
• Pilgrimage has many features of the three Jewish
  pilgrimage festivals (Shalosh Regalim). Ramadan
  comes inexhorably, like the Sabbath. Prayer,
  alms, and testimony have points of contactand
  the Islamic names are all based on words commonly
  used in Aramaic by Christians and Jews for
  similar practices.
• As in Judaism, Christianity and any other system,
  the basic rituals
• inculcate central beliefs,
• shape patterns of behaving to confirm them, and
• build a sense of belongingidentity as part of a
  group committed to those beliefs.

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The First Chapter of the Qur'an

• In the Name of Allah, the Merciful, the
  Compassionate! Praise belongs to God, the Lord
  of the Worlds.
• The All Merciful, the Compassionate,Master of
  the Day of Judgment.
• Thee only do we serve, to Thee alone do we pray
  for help.
• Guide us on the Straight Path. The Path of those
  whom Thou has graced not of those against whom
  Thou art wrathful, nor of those who are astray.