FROM CONCEPTION TO BIRTH

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FROM CONCEPTION TO BIRTH
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KEY TERMS

• Amniotic fluid clear liquid in sac that the
  fetus develops in protects fetus from injury.
• Placenta- barrier between the mother and child
  receives nutrients, passes out waste, etc.
• Umbilical cord attaches the embryo/fetus to
  placenta
• Episiotomy surgical cut in area to prevent
  tearing.

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PRE-NATAL DEVELOPMENT
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Embryo Conception to 8 Weeks

• 4 weeks
• 6 weeks
• 8 weeks

• Heart is first detected
• Eyes are visible ¼ inch long
• Limbs well developed face recognizable.

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Fetus 9-40 Weeks

• 9 weeks
• 12 weeks
• 15 weeks
• 21 weeks
• 26 weeks

• Essential body parts accounted for
• All major organs formed
• May tell gender
• Feels movement
• Testicles moves into scrotum

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FETUS cont

• 27 weeks
• 34 weeks
• 37 weeks

• Hiccups felt, somersaults, kicking
• Born between 34-37 weeks can survive
• Full term baby

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MOTHERS DEVELOPMENT
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FIRST TRIMESTER 1-3 MONTHS

• Tender Breasts
• Nausea
• Weight increase

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SECOND TRIMESTER 4-6 MONTHS

• Looks pregnant
• Heart rate increases
• Energy increases

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THIRD TRIMESTER 7-9 MONTHS

• Skin stretches over abdomen
• Slight contractions felt
• Pressure on bladder
• Fatigue, back pain, heart burn, and breathlessness

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ONSET OF LABOR
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1ST STAGE

• Head of fetus drops lower, easing pressure on
  mothers lungs and abdomen
• Mucus plug expelled
• Uterine contractions stronger and more regular
• Sac ruptures and fluid leaks out
• Cervix begins to dilate (.5 in./hr) to 10 cm or
  4in.

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2ND STAGE

• Begins after full dilation of cervix
• Mother feels strong urge to push
• Baby emerges from the birth canal

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3RD STAGE

• After the baby has been delivered, cutting the
  umbilical cord separates the baby from the
  placenta.
• When the placenta has separated from the wall of
  the uterus, it is eased out of the vaginal
  opening.

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PROBLEMS DURING AND AFTER PREGNANCY
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DURING

• Fetal Alcohol Syndrome (FAS) a set of defects
  that affect a fetus that has been exposed to
  alcohol during pregnancy.
• Gestational diabetes diabetes during pregnancy.

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FETAL ALCOHOL SYNDROME
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BREECH BIRTH

• Frank breech - the baby's bottom comes first, and
  his or her legs are flexed at the hip and
  extended at the knees (with feet near the ears).
  65-70 of breech babies are in the frank breech
  position.
• Complete breech - the baby's hips and knees are
  flexed so that the baby is sitting cross-legged,
  with feet beside the bottom.
• Footling breech - one or both feet come first,
  with the bottom at a higher position. This is
  rare at term but relatively common with premature
  fetuses.
• Kneeling breech - the baby is in a kneeling
  position, with one or both legs extended at the
  hips and flexed at the knees. This is extremely
  rare.

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AFTER

• Postpartum depression depression that occurs
  after birth that can result from physical
  changes, emotional factors, and lifestyle
  influences.

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