Drug Courts in Missouri

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Drug Courts in Missouri
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The Problem

• Since the 1980s, in Missouri and across the
  nation, we attempted to incarcerate our way out
  of crime and illegal drug use.
• We were tough on crime.
• Three strikes and your out.
• Throw away the key.
• The war on drugs
• But, we were not smart on crime.

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The Problem (Source NADCP)

• 1 in 100 Americans are incarcerated
• 80 of those abuse alcohol or drugs
• 50 of these are clinically addicted
• 95 return to using once they have been released
  from prison

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Missouri Correctional Population

• (2011 DOC Annual Report)
• 5,403 incarcerated for drug charges
• Average sentence is 8.6 years
• 1,336 incarcerated for DWI
• Average sentence is 5.9 years

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The Problem (Source NHTSA)

• In 2009, 10.5 million people reported driving
  under the influence of illegal drugs.
• 1 in 8 The rate of Americans driving on a
  weekend night testing positive for an illicit
  drug.
• In 2010, more than 10,000 people died in
  alcohol-impaired driving crashes..1 every 51
  minutes

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The Problem (Source NADCP)

• Addiction tears families apart
• 60-80 of substantiated CA/N cases involve
  substance abuse by a custodial parent or adult.
• Parents who complete SA treatment are more likely
  to be reunified with their kids, and their kids
  spend less time in foster care
• But.8 in 10 fail to complete treatment

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The Problem (Source NADCP)

• 18 Veterans commit suicide every day
• Rx misuse among active duty service members
  doubled from 2002 to 2005 and almost tripled from
  2005 to 2008
• 65 of justice involved vets are addicted to
  drugs or alcohol
• 75,000 Veterans are homeless on any given night

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• We need to incarcerate those were afraid
  of..not those were mad at!

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Drug Courts

• Special docket
• designed to treat addicted individuals
• intensive treatment and other services
• Accountability
• must meet obligations to court, society,
  themselves and their families
• regularly and randomly tested
• frequent court appearances
• rewarded for doing well/Sanctioned for not
  meeting obligations

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Treatment Court Team

• Judge
• Prosecuting Attorney
• Public Defender or Defense Attorney
• Drug Court Administrator
• Probation Officer
• Treatment Provider
• Law Enforcement

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Treatment Court Types

• Adult Drug Court
• Juvenile Drug Court
• Family Drug Court
• Mental Health Court
• DWI Court
• Reintegration Court
• Veterans Court

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Programs

• Programs are 12-24 months in duration
• Locally driven initiative
• To Graduate, participants must
• Abstain from drugs and alcohol
• Satisfy treatment and supervision conditions
• Pay applicable fines or fees
• Complete community service
• Make restitution to victims
• Be employed get GED
• Re-engagement in the community

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Services Provided

• Substance abuse treatment
• Mental health treatment
• Family counseling
• Vocational counseling
• Educational assistance
• Housing assistance
• Help with medical or dental care
• Veterans benefits

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Missouri Treatment Court Leaders

• More Treatment Courts per capita
• DWI Court Legislation 2010
• DWI 2nd - 5 year denial
• DWI 3rd 10 year denial
• Allows DWI Courts to issue Limited Driving
  Privileges to participants and graduates
• Missouri specific DWI court training

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Academy Adult Drug Court Boone County
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DWI Academy Court Greene County
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Family Drug CourtPeer Learning Court
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RANT

• Risk and Needs Triage
• Assessment Tool
• Match participants to levels of judicial
  supervision and treatment services
• First to implement statewide
• Dr. Doug Marlowe April 2012 training
• 3 hour video available on JEWELS

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Medication Assisted Treatment

• City of St. Louis
• Commissioner Jim Sullivan
• Specific Dockets for each level of supervision
• MAT Docket
• MAT offered prior to release from jail

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Solution for Veterans in Need

• Post-Traumatic Stress
• Traumatic Brain Injury
• Homelessness
• Self medication
• Drug Courts are answering this call of duty!

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SEMO Veterans Treatment Court Poplar Bluff, MO

• First of its kind
• Multi-jurisdictional
• 10 Counties
• 6 PP Districts
• 5 Judicial Circuits

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• The key measurement of the failure of our
  incarceration strategy is the recidivism rate.
• Too many people, keep coming back.
• Revolving Door

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Missouri Recidivism Source 2011 DOC Offender
ProfileParolees Returned to Prison Within
2 years 3 years 5 years
Felony DWI 28 36 43
Drugs 39 47 54
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Missouri Recidivism Source 2011 DOC Offender
ProfileProbationers with New Conviction or Tech
Violations - Incarcerated Within
2 years 3 years 5 years
Felony DWI 18 24 33
Drugs 19 26 34
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Missouri Recidivism Source 2011 DOC Offender
ProfileNew Probationers Received First New
Conviction Within
2 years 3 years 5 years
Felony DWI 9 13 22
Drugs 10 14 21
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Drug Court Recidivism

• Begin measuring recidivism after program
  completion
• Defined as a new conviction for a felony or a
  class A misdemeanor of a violent nature against a
  person
• OSCAs MO Recidivism Study
• Following a cohort who graduated in 2008 and 2009
• Now at 30 month mark

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Missouri Recidivism Drug Courts MO Recidivism
Rate Study
2 years 30 months
DWI Court Graduates Terminations 5 15 6 15
Drug Court Graduates Terminations 6 16 7 17
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Missouri Drug Courts Cost Substantially Less Than
Incarceration

• (Source 2011 DOC Annual Report)
• Costs (per inmate per year)
• Incarceration 22,852
• Drug Court 3,000 - 5,000

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Budget Solution

• Lower criminal justice system costs
• Reduce jail/prison use
• Cuts crime
• Reduces Impaired Driving
• Transforms offenders
• Productive citizens
• Working reduce public assistance
• Tax-paying paying child support
• Reunify families reduces foster care

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Committee Driven

• Drug Courts Coordinating Commission
• Drug Court Resource Fund
• Alternative Treatment Court Committee
• Established by the Supreme Court in 2007
• Review legislation and suggest changes or
  additions to court rules and drug court policy

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Drug Court Coordinating CommissionRSMo
478.009Open Meetings in January, May and
September

• Dept. of Corrections
• Dept. Social Services
• Dept. Mental Health
• Dept. Public Safety
• State Courts Administrator
• Supreme Court (3)

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Drug Court Resource Fund

• FY13 - 14.2 million in requests
• 6.2 million allocated
• Allowable Spending
• Treatment
• Drug/Alcohol Testing
• Wrap Around Services
• Contractual Services
• Education

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Alternative Treatment Court CommitteeATCC

• Members include Drug Court Professionals in
  Missouri
• 3 Judges
• 1 Prosecuting Attorney
• 1 Defense Attorney
• 1 PP Staff
• 1 Drug Court Administrator

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OSCA

• 4 Treatment Court Staff
• Staff DCCC and ATCC
• Staff committees and workgroups
• Provide oversight and TA to courts
• Conduct research/ provide statistical data
• Conduct site visits/Ensure compliance of 10 Key
  Components
• Develop strategies for allocations and monitor
  expenditures
• Develop and conduct training

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Treatment Courts in Missouri

• 89 Adult Drug Courts
• 12 Juvenile Drug Courts
• 12 Family Drug Courts
• 19 Stand-Alone DWI Courts
• 3 Veterans Treatment Courts
• 1 Reintegration Court
• 136 Treatment Court Programs

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Current Population

• 2,307 Adult
• 838 DWI
• 282 Family
• 120 Juvenile
• 47 Veterans
• 3,594 Total (as of August 2012)

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Missouri

• 1st Drug Court 1993 in Jackson Co.
• Treatment courts in 42 of 45 circuits
• Over 11,800 graduates
• Over 3,500 active participants
• Over 560 drug-free babies born

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Success

• Graduation Rates
• Adult 52
• DWI 72
• Veterans Court
• no measures yet,
• expected to be the
• same as the national
• average of over 80

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We need your help!

• Ensure that drug courts are a true alternative to
  prison.
• Build Capacity
• Make Referrals

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We need your help!

• Key Component 3Eligible participants are
  identified early and promptly placed in the drug
  court program.
• Statewide average number of days from charge date
  to admission date was over 365 days
• Optimal time period is 30 days to take advantage
  of the trauma of arrest
• Early treatment Better results!

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We need your help!

• Provisional Admittance
• Allow an offender to enter Drug Court before lab
  tests are received
• If the lab tests come back negative, the
  defendant should be allowed to withdraw from the
  program charges would be dismissed

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We need your help!

• Key Component 2 Protect due process rights!
• Each treatment court team should include a
  defense counsel and a prosecuting attorney

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Our Mission
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WEBSITES

• NADCP.org
• not-even-once.com
• TheAntiDrug.com
• drugabuse.org
• ncjrs.gov
• whitehousedrugpolicy.gov

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