Tennessee SPI Objective:

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SPI 0807.Inq.2 (Tools and Procedures)
Notes
Science

• Tennessee SPI Objective
• Select tools and procedures needed to conduct a
  moderately complex experiment.

Essential Questions 1) Which tools and procedures
would be best to use when conducting a science
experiment?  2) How do I correctly use common
scientific tools such as spring scales,
triple-beam balances, metric rulers, calculators,
graduated cylinders, stop watches, etc.
Check for Understanding Identify tools and
techniques needed to gather, organize, analyze,
and interpret data from a moderately complex
scientific investigation.
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SPI 0807.Inq.2 Tools and Procedures
Science
Notes

• Tools and Procedures in Science
• Procedures in science are called the scientific
  method

Scientific Method

• Step 1 Make Observations
• Step 2 Ask A Question
• Step 3 Form A Hypothesis
• Step 4 Test The Hypothesis
• By doing experiments
• Step 5 Analyze The Results
• Step 6 Draw Conclusions
• Step 7 Communicate results

• A key task is to test your hypothesis by doing
  detailed and thorough experiments (step 4 shown
  above)

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SPI 0807.Inq.2 Tools and Procedures
Science
Take Notes just copy down the green text
Notes

Procedures in Experiments

• In an experiment you
• measure quantities and/or qualities
• should record in detail everything you do and
  observe.
• should conduct multiple trials.
• should include independent variables, dependent
  variables, constants, and controls.

Ex Medical researchers might test a new flu
virus vaccine to learn how many people it
protects from the flu. (quantity).
This is a quantitative/objective measurement.
Ex Software designers might measure the
playability of new Playstation or X-Box video
games (quality).
This is a qualitative/subjective measurement.
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Key Concepts in Experiments

In an experiment you should only test for ONE
key thing at a time This is called the
Independent Variable
after you introduce the independent variable,
you observe what happens. This response/result
is called the
Dependent Variable
Items or events that are repeated exactly the
same way each time you duplicate an experiment
are called
Constants
NOTE You should also conduct a control
experiment where you either eliminate out the
independent variable or use a neutral independent
variable (called a placebo)
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Scientific Tools

In an experiment you measure things with the
metric system using tools such as
a spring scale
-measures force (weight)
-unit of measure
newtons (N)
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Scientific Tools

In an experiment you measure things with the
metric system using tools such as
a graduated cylinder
-measures liquid volume and/or -the volume of
irregular shaped objects (water displacement
method)
-unit of measure
milliliter (mL), liter (L)
Link (1 min 57 sec) How to Read a Graduated
Cylinder
Link (3 min 45 sec) Finding the Volume of an
Irregular Shaped Object
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Scientific Tools

When determining the volume of an object you
can use a metric ruler for regular-shaped solid
items.
Use this formula Length x Width x Height
-useful for cubes and/or rectangular prisms
Link (1 min 7 sec) Calculating Volume of Regular
Shapes
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In an experimentyou measure things using tools
such as
a triple-beam balance

-measures mass
-unit of measure

• milligrams (mg) , grams (g) , kilograms (kg)

Link (2 min 25 sec) How to use a Triple-Beam
Balance-Video
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Scientific Tools

In an experimentyou measure things using tools
such as
a metric ruler or meter stick
-measures length
-unit of measure

• millimeters (mm) , centimeters (cm), meters (m) ,
  kilometers (km)

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Scientific Tools

In an experimentyou measure things using tools
such as
a thermometer
-measures temperature
-unit of measure

• degrees-Celsius (C) or Kelvins (K)

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Scientific Tools

In an experimentyou might need to examine tiny
things
you would use a microscope
-two types (1) regular microscopes, (2) electron
microscopes
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Scientific Tools

In an experiment
you might need to measure the strength of an
acid or base
-you could use a pH indicator
-unit of measure
pH scale from 0 to 14
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Scientific Tools

In an experiment
you might use a galvanometer to measure
electrical current
-measures both the strength and direction of
electrical current
to just measure the current you could use an
ammeter
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Scientific Tools

In an experiment
you also might use
-beakers
-test tubes
-flasks
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Scientific Tools

In an experiment
you also might use
-hot plates
-petri dishes
-burners
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SPI 0807.Inq.2 Tools and Procedures
Science
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SPI 0807.Inq.2 Tools and Procedures
Science
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SPI 0807.Inq.2 Tools and Procedures
Science
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SPI 0807.Inq.2 Tools and Procedures
Science
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SPI 0807.Inq.2 Tools and Procedures
Science
Questions