Opposition to the Tsar

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Opposition to the Tsar

• Who were the revolutionaries?

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• Illegal opposition groups were all called
  revolutionary
• Some groups favoured the use of assassination
• Others preferred to use propaganda
• Some groups bitterly resented the others

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LIBERALS

• Formed in 1905 repressed in 1918
• Aimed to remove corruption
• Wanted a system like that of Britain
• Wanted a democratically elected parliament to
  curb the Tsar
• Poorly organised
• Did not form the Kadets until 1905
• Led by Paul Milyokov and Victor Guchkov
• Supported by industrialists, merchants and
  intellectuals

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SOCIAL REVOLUTIONARIES (SRs)

• Formed 1901 repressed 1921
• Anti-Marxist, believed Russia was not industrial
  enough
• Wanted to end the monarchy
• Wanted government by peasant communes
• Wanted land to be redistributed
• Made up of small secret groups who used terrorism
• Led by Victor Chernov
• Supported by about 50,000 peasants

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SOCIALISTS

• Supported Marxs ideas
• Saw how the industrial workers suffered
• Wanted industry, mining and banking to be
  commonly owned by the people

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Split of the Social Democrats

• The biggest socialist party but disagreed over
  ideas of revolution
• They split into two groups
• One group supported Julius Martov who wanted to
  wait for Russia to be more industrialised in
  order to create a mass movement
• The second group supported Vladimir Lenin who
  endorsed a small group of revolutionaries to
  seize power

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• Lenins supporters won a crucial vote and called
  themselves Bolsheviks (those in the majority)
• Martovs supporters became the Mensheviks
  (those in the minority)

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