End of World War II

1
End of World War II

• Chapter 25, section 5

2
Island-Hopping in the Pacific

• U.S. military plan in to get closer to Japan by
  invading 1 island at a time

3
Island-Hopping in the Pacific

• Fighting in the Pacific was extremely difficult
• Most of the fighting took place in jungles

4
Douglas MacArthur

• In charge of the US forces in the Pacific
• After Midway, directs island hopping in the
  Pacific
• By 1944, USA begins blockading Japan

5
Defeat of Germany

• Hitler rejects surrender
• Battle of the Bulgelast German offensive of WWII
• By 1945, Germany can no longer defend
  itself..under constant bombing

6
Defeat of Germany

• April 1945, Soviet Union first to enter Berlin
• 80 of city destroyed
• May 1st, Hitler commits suicide
• May 8th, V-E Day

7
Defeat of Japan

• By 1945, most of Japanese navy and air force
  destroyed.
• Still had army of over 2 million men

8
Battle of Iwo Jima

• One of bloodiest battles of WWII
• Iwo Jima small 14 square mile long island
• Very strategic, close to Japan

9
Battle of Iwo Jima

• 25,000 Japanese on island
• USA bombs for 74 days
• 7,000 tons of bombs dropped and 20,000 shells hit
  the island

10
Battle of Iwo Jima

• Feb.1945, 110,000 American marines invade
• Takes a month for USA to control the island
• Only 216 Japanese captured
• USA loses 25,000 troops

11
Battle of Iwo Jima

• 27 Medals of Honor given out
• Most than any other campaign in American history

12
Battle of Okinawa

• April to June 1945
• Last main island before Japan
• 50,000 American casualties
• 2,000 Kamikazes
• Japan now open for invasion

13
The Manhattan Project

• 1939, Albert Einstein writes letter to FDR about
  Germanys attempt to create a Super Bomb
• FDR creates The Manhattan Project to develop it
  first

14
The Manhattan Project

• July 16, 1945 in deserts of New Mexico, the first
  successful Atom Bomb is tested
• Now bomb is ready for us

15
The Manhattan Project

• President Truman is informed of the bomb while
  going over Japanese invasion options
• Did not know of The Project

16
Atomic Bomb Decision

• A lot of debate on whether or not to use
• Allied plan for land invasion already devised
• If USA invaded Japan, it was projected the war
  would last 3 more years with 250,000 possible
  American causalities
• Truman decides to use the bomb

17
Hiroshima

• August 6, 1945
• First use of atomic weapons in history
• 140,000 killed
• 90 of city destroyed

18
Nagasaki

• August 9, 1945
• Second atom bomb dropped
• Similar results

19
Japanese Surrender

• September 2, 1945
• MacArthur accepts surrender on USS Missouri in
  Tokyo Bay
• V-J Day