19.2 Factors affecting winds

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CHAPTER 19

• 19.2 Factors affecting winds

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CORIOLIS EFFECT

• CAUSED BY EARTHS ROTATION
• CAUSES OBJECTS MOVING FREELY TO CURVE AWAY FROM
  DESTINATION
• WIND DIRECTION IS AFFECTED
• DEMO GLOBE

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CORIOLIS

• N.H OBJECTS DEFLECT TO RIGHT, S.H OBJECTS DEFLECT
  TO THE LEFT
• GREATEST AT POLES, LEAST EQUATOR
• EFFECT INCREASES AS SPEED INCREASES
• EFFECT DOES NOT DEPEND ON OBJECTS DIRECTION OF
  MOVEMENT
• EFFECT ONLY NOTICIBLE FOR OBJECTS TRAVELING GREAT
  DISTATNCES

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Wind direction is also determined by friction
with Earths surface and air pressure gradients.
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WIND DIRECTION IS ALSO DETERMINED BY FRICTION AND
PRESSURE GRADIENTS

• SLOWS SURFACE WINDS AND REDUCES IMPACT OF
  CORIOLIS ON THEM
• ROUGH SURFACE LESS CORIOLIS
• SMOOTH SURFACE MORE CORIOLIS

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JET STREAMS

• FAST MOVING RIVER OF AIR AT TOP OF TROPOSPHERE
• THOUSANDS OF KM LONG, HUNDREDS WIDE AND 1KM THICK

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UNITED STATES JET STREAMS

• POLAR FRONT JS
• GREAT EFFECT ON WEATHER IN US SUPPLIES ENERGY
  AND DIRECTS THEIR PATHS
• FASTEST IN WINTER WHEN GREATER TEMP CONTRASTS
• TROPICAL EASTERLY WEAKER

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JET STREAMS