Title: ??OSI????????????
1 2????
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- ??OSI????????????
- ??TCP/IP??????????
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NOS ???
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- ???LAN
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11???
- ????WAN???LAN????,??????????????????,?????????
- Internet(???)?????????????
12?????????
13?????????
14?????????
15?????????
16??????
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17??????
UTP ????? ?? ??
1??? ?? ???????
2??? ???? ??4Mbit/s?????
3??? ???10BASE-T 20??80????????3???????10BASE-T????
4??? ???? ??16Mbit/s?????
5??? ??? ??10BASE-T?100BASE-T
5e??? ??? ???5????????,???????????????,????????
6??? ??? ??1Gbit/s????,???6?????10Gbit/s???
18UTP????????
- 1?UTP???????
- RJ45??,?????
- 2?????????
- EIA/TIA????2???
- 1?EIA/TIA568A
- ???????????????????
- 1 2 3 4 5 6
7 8 - 2?EIA/TIA 568B
- ???????????????????
- 1 2 3 4 5 6
7 8 - ???????
19(No Transcript)
20UTP??????(?)
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- ????????,????????568A????568B???????
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- ??????????568B?????
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- ??MDI/MDIX
- ???????????MDI??MDIX??????(?????)????????????NIC??
? - ?????????????????10/100M??????,?????
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21??????
22????
23- ??
- 1.?????
- ?????????????????????????(????????????)?
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? - 2.???????
- ?????????????,??????????,?????????,????????
- ?????????????(LED)?LED??????????????,?????????????
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24- ??(?)
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- ?????100Mbps??????510km,?????200Mbps??????100km??
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- ???????LAN????MAN?WAN?????,?????-?????????
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25??????
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26??????-??
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FC-PC?????????
SC-PC?????????
ST-PC?????????
FC/PC-SC/PC???????
27??????
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28LAN?WAN?WLAN
- LAN
- ???????10Mb/s1000Mb/s??
- ????????????
- WAN
- ??????????
- ??????????
- WLAN
- IEEE 802.11??
29????
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30??????
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- ???????????,??????
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31?????????????
- ????????
- 1.????????????
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- 2.?????????
- ?????????????????????(?????????)??
- 3.?????????????(??)?????????????
- ???????(???)???(???)???(??????)
32- ?????????????
- 1.?????????????(??)?????????????
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- 3.?????????????????????
????(???)?????????????????,??????????????? - 4.?????????????,????????? ??????????????
- 5.????????????????,???????????????
- 6.?????????????????????,???????????????????
- 7.???????????????
33OSI??????
7.???
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6.???
5.???
4.???
3.???
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2.?????
1.???
34OSI??????
??A
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35??????
??A
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36????
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??? Segment
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?MAC??MAC
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??? Frame
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?? Bit
0101110101001000010
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40???
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- EIA/TIA 232(RS-232-C )
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- ???????(???)??,?????????? ,??????????
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41?????-???
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42?????-???
- ????????,????????????????,????????,???????????MAC?
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43?????-???
- ??????(?????)
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44????????
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45???????
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46?????-???
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- (1)?????,??????????,?????????,???????????????,???
???? - (2)??????????????,??????,?192.168.1.0/24????????,
????????????????
47???????
??????????????,?RJ-45???BNC???AUI??,????????????
? RJ-45?? ????RJ-45??????????????????????,????
??????????????????????? BNC??
BNC?????????????????,??????BNC T????????? AUI??
???????????AUI??? ???? ????????????,???????
?????? ?
48?????????
- ????????????????????,??????????????????????????,??
?????????????? - ???????????????????????????,????UP?????????????
???DOWN????,??????????????,?????????????????????
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49?????????
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(?RJ-45??)????,??????????????????????????,?????
UPLink??? - (1)??Uplink????
- (2)????????
50?????
- ??????????
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- ????
- ?????????,??????????????,???????,????????????????
??? - ??????????MAC????????????? ,?????,???????????,???
??????????
51?????????-??
- ??(Bridge)???????????????????????
- ??????????????
- ???????????????,??????????????,???????,???????????
????????????????????,?????????????????????? - ?????????,??????????????????,???????????
- ???MAC???????????
52???
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53????????
54???
55???????-?????
- ????(????????,?IP????)???????????????????????
- ?????????????????????
- ?????????????????,???????????????????????,????????
???????,??????Gbps?
56???
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57????????
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- ???????? (????))
- ????????
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60???
- ???????????????????????
- ??????????,??????????????? ,?
- HTTP
- FTP
- SMTP
- Pop3
- telnet
- dns
61??????? ??
- ?????????,???????????????????,?????????
- ????????OSI??????,????????,???????,???????????????
???????????????????? - ????,??????????,???????????????,??????????????????
???????????????????????????
62??????? ???
- ???????????????????????????????,??????????????????
?Web?????E-mail?? - ??????????????????????,???????????????????
- ???????????????????,???????,???????(??)?????
63???
- ????????
- ????
- ????
- ????????
- Internal????
- External????
- DMZ (demilitarized zone)??????
64?????
65OSI??????
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66OSI??
?? ?? ?? ?? ?? ???? ????
7 ??? HTTP ??
6 ??? ?? Mpeg ASC? jpg
5 ??? ??
4 ??? Tcp/udp ??? ?
3 ??? Ip/arp IP ?(??)
2 ????? Hdlc/ppp MAC ?
1 ??? RS-232 ?
67TCP/IP????
- ?20??60????ARPAnet???
- ???????TCP?????IP???
- ??????
- ???????
68TCP/IP???
???
???????
SMTP
FTP
DNS
SNMP
TFTP
NFS
???
???
???
UDP
TCP
???
IP
ICMP
IGMP
RARP
ARP
?????
??????????
Ethernet,Token-Ring,FDDI,X.25,Wirless,ATM
???
69TCP/IP?OSI???????
70OSI?TCP/IP?????
- ???????????
- ????????
- OSI???????????????????TCP/IP?????????????????
- OSI?????????,??????TCP/IP????????,???????????
- OSI?????????????????,??????????????TCP/IP????????
?????,?????????????????
71????
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72IP??
- ????????,?????????
- ????????
- ???????,???????????????
- ????????,IP????????(?TCP)??????
- IP?????????????(Packet)
- IP?????
- 1)????? 2)??????
73IP????
74ICMP(????????)
- ????
- 1.?????????(ping)
- 2.?????????? (tracert,pathping,traceroute,??ping)
- 3.??????
75ARP(??????)
- ARP????IP?????MAC??
- ARP?????
- ??ARP?????
76ARP????
- ARP??
- ???ARP???????
- ARP??
- arp a ?arp d ? arp -s
77RARP
- ARP---??????,??IP??,???MAC???
- RARP---??ARP,??MAC??,???IP???
78???
- ??????????????
- ?TCP/IP????,????065535?????
- TCP/IP???????????TCP?UDP????????????
??(???????)
??(???????)
IP???????
TCP?UDP???????
79???
- IANA(Internet Assigned Numbers Authority
,?????????)???????3??????????????(????)?
- ????01023,?IANA??????
- ????102449151,IANA?????????????IANA????????
- ????4915265535,???????????????????????,???????
80????????
TCP?? UDP?? ?? ??
7 7 Echo ?????????????
20 FTP(Data) ??????(????)
21 FTP(Control) ??????(????)
23 TELNET ????
25 SMTP ????????
53 53 DNS ????
69 TFTP ????????
80 HTTP ???????
110 POP ????
161 SNMP ????????
162 SNMP(Trap) ????????(??)
81TCP??
- TCP?????????????? ,??????????
- ??????
- ???
- ??
- ????
- ????
- ???
82TCP????
83TCP?????
???A
???B
?? SYN1 (seq100)
??SYN
??SYN1, ACK1 (seq300,ack101)
??SYN,ACK
????,ACK1 (ack301)
84TCP?????
HostA
HostB
SP.
DP.
Seq.
Ack.
1028
23
101
301
SP.
DP.
Seq.
Ack.
1028
23
102
301
SP.
DP.
Seq.
Ack.
1028
23
102
302
SP.
DP.
Seq.
Ack.
1028
23
103
302
Seq???????????????????? Ack?????????????????????
?
85TCP?????
???
???
Window size 3 ?? 1
Window size 3 ?? 2
Window size 3 ?? 3
?????????
Window size 2 ?? 3
Window size 2 ?? 4
ACK 5 Window size 2
Window????????????????
86TCP?????
??A
??B
?? FIN1 (seqX)
??ACK1 (ackX1)
??FIN1 (seqY,ackX1)
??ACK1 (ackY1)
87UDP??
- UDP??(User Datagram Protocol),???????
- ????????????????????(?????????????)?????
- ????????????,?????????????????????????????
88UDP????
????(16??)
????? (16??)
8??
??? (16??)
??(16??)
??
89????
????
90?????????
- ????
- ???20?1,?2?1
- ????
- ???80?1?2?3?4?5?6?7,?8?1
- ?????
- ???160?1?2?3?4?5?6?7?8?9?A?B?C?D?E?F,?16?1
91??????????
???????23??????? ???????23??????? ???????23???????
2 23 2 23
2 11 2 11 ?? 1
2 5 2 5 ?? 1
2 2 2 2 ?? 1
21 21 ?? 0
0 ?? 1
??? (23)10 (10111)2 ??? (23)10 (10111)2 ??? (23)10 (10111)2
92??????????
???????0.25??????? ???????0.25???????
0.2 5
X 2
------
0.5 0 ...????0
X 2
------
1.0 0 ...????1
??? (0.25)10 (0.01)2 ??? (0.25)10 (0.01)2
93??????????
???????1101.101??????? ???????1101.101???????
1101.101 123 122 021 120 12-1 02-2 12-3 8 4 1 0.5 0.125 13.625 1101.101 123 122 021 120 12-1 02-2 12-3 8 4 1 0.5 0.125 13.625
??? (1 1 0 1.1 0 1)2 (13.625)10
94???????????
- ?????,???????4?????,???????????????????????
- ???????,???????,?????????????
- ??????????????
???????111010111100010111???????? ???????111010111100010111???????? ???????111010111100010111???????? ???????111010111100010111???????? ???????111010111100010111???????? ???????111010111100010111????????
???? 11 1010 1111 0001 0111
????? 3 A F 1 7
??? (11010111100010111)2 (3AF17)16 ??? (11010111100010111)2 (3AF17)16 ??? (11010111100010111)2 (3AF17)16 ??? (11010111100010111)2 (3AF17)16 ??? (11010111100010111)2 (3AF17)16 ??? (11010111100010111)2 (3AF17)16
95???????????
- ???????????,????????????????
- ???????,???????,???????????
- ??????????????
???????6FBE4???????? ???????6FBE4???????? ???????6FBE4???????? ???????6FBE4???????? ???????6FBE4???????? ???????6FBE4????????
????? 6 F B E 4
???? 110 1111 1011 1110 0100
??? (6FBE4)16 (1101111101111100100)2 ??? (6FBE4)16 (1101111101111100100)2 ??? (6FBE4)16 (1101111101111100100)2 ??? (6FBE4)16 (1101111101111100100)2 ??? (6FBE4)16 (1101111101111100100)2 ??? (6FBE4)16 (1101111101111100100)2
96????
- ???????
- ???????????????
- OSI????
- TCP/IP????
- IP??
- TCP??
- UDP??
- ???????