??? ??????????? OSI

1
?????? ???????
??????? ??????? ??????? ?????? ???? ??????
???????? ? ?????? ???????
??????? ? ????? ???? ????? ??????
????? ??? ???? ?????

• ???? ?????? ????????
• ????? 91

2

• ?????? ???????? ?????????
• ????????? ???????? ?????????
• ????????? ????
• ????????? ???????
• ?????? ??????? ?????? ?? ????? ?? ????
• ??? ??????????? OSI
• ??? ??????????? TCP/ IP

3

4
(No Transcript)
5

• ????????? ???????? ?????????
• ?????? ?????
• ??? ??????????? ????????? ?? ????? ???????
• ???? ????????
• ???? ???? ?????? ?????? ???????
• ?????? ?????? ?????

6
(No Transcript)
7
(No Transcript)
8
(No Transcript)
9
(No Transcript)
10
(No Transcript)
11
(No Transcript)
12
(No Transcript)
13
???????? ??? -Bus
?????? ???? ????????? ?? ???? ?? ????? ??????
????? ?????? ?? ??? ? ??? ?????? ? ????? ????
14
???????? ???? -Ring) )
? ????? ????????? ?? ?? ?????? ????? ?? ?????? ?
?????? ???? ?????? ?? ??????? ?? ??????? ????
??? ? ?????? ???? ??? ???????? ???? ????
?????????? ??? ???? ?? ??????? ??? ????????
?????? ??????? ??? ?? ?? ???????
15
???????? ?????- (Star)
? ????? ???? ???????? ???? ???? ?? ??? ????? ?
??? ????? ??????? ????? ???? ?? ??? (Hub) ???
???????? ????.
16
????? ??? ??? ???? (MAN)
???? ????? ???? ?? ??? ?? ????? ???? ???? ?? ????
?? ???? ????? ???? ???? ? ?? ???? MAN ????????
??????? . ??? ????? ???????? ? ???????? ?????
?? ???????? ???? ????. ????? ??? ???? ?????
?????? ?? ???? ???? ??????? ??????.


17
(No Transcript)
18
????????? ??????????? ???? ?? ?? ?? ?? ??????
????, ?? ?????????? ???? ??, ????? ????? ?????
???? ?????? ???? ?? ???? ?? ?????? ?? ??????.
? ???? ?????? ?? ????? ???? ????? ? ?????? ?????
?????? ????? ?????
19
???? ??? ?? ??? (Wireless)
????? ???????
?????? ??????? ?? ???? ?????????? ????? ?
??????? ?? ???????? ?? ???????? ?? ?? ????? ??
???? ? ?? ?????? ????.
?????
????? ???? ??? ? ??? ?????? ??? ??? ????
?????
? ??? ????? ? ?????? ????? ? ??? ??? ??????
???? ? ????? ??????? ??
20
?????? ??????? ?????? ?? ????? ?? ????
1- ???????? ????? Circuit Switching
2- ???????? ???? Message Switching
3- ???????? ???? ? ???? Packet Switching / Cell
Switching
21
1- ???????? ????? Circuit Switching
???? ?? ???? ???? ????? ???? ??????? ?????? ???
??????? ? ?????? ? ? ??? ????? ??????? ??????
???? ???????? ???? ?? ?? ????? ??????? ? ??????
????? ????? ???? ????? ???? ?? ?????
22
2- ???????? ???? Messeage Switching
???? ?????? ?????? ??????? ? ????? ?????
????????? ?? ???? ????? ??? ? ????? ?????
??????? ???? ?? ???? ?? ??? ?? ????? ?? ?? ????
????? ???? ??????? ??????? ? ?????? ???? ????
???? ?? ???? ????? ? ?????? ????? ????? ????? ??
???? ???? ? ?????? ????? ?? ????
23
(No Transcript)
24
????? ???? ???? ??????? ??????? ?? ????? ???????
?? ??? ???? ? ????? ?? ???? ?? ????? ???????
???? ???? ??????? ?? ?? ??? ??????? ?? ????? ?????
25
????? ????? ???? ?? ??? ???????? ???? ???? ?? ???
???????? ???? ? ???? ?? ???? ????? ???? ? ????
????? ?? ?? ???? ????? ?? ??? ???????? ?
???? ??? ????? ????? ?? ???? ?? ?? ???? ?????? ?
???? ?? ????? ???? ??? ???? ???? ?
26
(No Transcript)
27
(No Transcript)
28
???????? ????? ?? ?????? ??????? ???? ? ????
29
(No Transcript)
30
????? ?????? ???? ?? ???????
Simplex ?????? ?????? - ? ????? ????? ?????? ?
????? ????? ??????? Half duplex?????? ??????
????????? - ? ?? ?? ????? ?? ????????? ???????
????? ? ?? ?????? ??? ?? ????? ?????? Full
duplex ?????? ?????? ?????? - ? ?????? ?? ????
?????? ????? ???? ????????
31
??? ??? ??????? OSI ?? ?????? ????????? ????? ISO

• ? ???? ?????? Physical layer
• ? ???? ????? ??????? Data link layer
• ? ???? ???? Network layer
• ? ???? ?????? Transport layer
• ????? ???? Session layer
• ? ???? ????? ( ????? ) Presentation layer
• ? ???? ?????? Application layer

32
(No Transcript)
33
(No Transcript)
34
(No Transcript)
35
(No Transcript)
36
(No Transcript)
37
(No Transcript)
38
(No Transcript)
39
(No Transcript)
40
(No Transcript)
41
??????? ?????? ????? ?? ???? ?? ???
???? ?????? Application layer ???? ???????? ???????
???? ?????? Transport layer ???? ?????? ?????? ?? ?????? (Host to Host) ???? ?????? ????? ??????? (End to End Connection)
???? ???? Network layer ???? ??????? ???? ???????? ???????
???? ?????? ?? ???? Network Interface ???? ?????? ?? ???? (Host to Network) ???? ???? ????
42
(No Transcript)
43
(No Transcript)
44
(No Transcript)
45
(No Transcript)
46
(No Transcript)
47
(No Transcript)
48
(No Transcript)
49
(No Transcript)
50
(No Transcript)
51
(No Transcript)
52
(No Transcript)
53
(No Transcript)
54
(No Transcript)
55
(No Transcript)
56
(No Transcript)
57
(No Transcript)
58
???? ??
59
(No Transcript)
60
(No Transcript)
61
(No Transcript)
62
(No Transcript)
63
(No Transcript)
64
(No Transcript)
65
(No Transcript)
66
(No Transcript)
67
(No Transcript)
68
(No Transcript)
69
(No Transcript)
70
(No Transcript)
71
(No Transcript)
72
(No Transcript)
73
(No Transcript)
74
(No Transcript)
75
(No Transcript)
76
(No Transcript)
77
(No Transcript)
78
(No Transcript)
79
(No Transcript)
80
(No Transcript)
81
(No Transcript)
82

• ?????? ???? IP
• ????? ?????? ? ???????? IP
• ???????? ??????? ? ??????? ????
• ??????? ??? ????
• ?????? ICMP
• ????????? ARP,RARP,BOOTP

83
(No Transcript)
84

• ??????? ?? ???????? ?????
• ???? ???????? ? ????????
• ????? ?? ?????? ????????

???? IP
85
??????? Router))
86
(No Transcript)
87
(No Transcript)
88
(No Transcript)
89
???? ????? 4 ?????? Version 0100 IP ????
????? 6 ?????? IP
90
???? Type of sevice
????? ????? ?????? ???? IP
?????? ????
P2 P1 P0 D T R - -
???? ???? ???? ???? ???? ???? ????? ???? ????? ?????? ??????? ?????????? ??????????
???????? ??? 1 ???? ????? ?????? ?? ??? ????? ???
?????? ???? ????? ???? ?????????
91
???? Total Length

• ???? 16 ????
• ???? ????? ??? ?? ???? IP ( ????? ?????? ??????
  ? ????? ????)
• ?????? ??? ?? ???? IP 65535 ????

???? Identification

• ???? 16 ????
• ???? ????? ????? ?? ???????? ????

92
???? Fragment Offset
???) ??? DF (( Dont Fragment ?? ?? ??? ??? ???
?? ?? ????IP ??? ???????? ????? ???? ???? ?????
???? ?? ?????
?) ??? MF (More Fragment ) MF0 ???? ?????
????? ???? IP ?? ?? ???????? MF1 ???? ?????
???? ?? ?? ????????

• ?) Fragment offset
• 13 ????
• ???? ????? ????? ????? ?? ???? ???? ????????
  ????? ???
• ??????????? ????? ?? ???????? 8192

93
(No Transcript)
94
(No Transcript)
95
(No Transcript)
96
(No Transcript)
97
(No Transcript)
98
(No Transcript)
99
15
0
0
100
Host ID
192.0.0.0 to 239.255.255.255
Network
101
(No Transcript)
102
(No Transcript)
103
(No Transcript)
104
?? ??? ???? ??????? ???? IP ?? ??? ???? ?? ??????
??? ???? ?? ???? ??? ?? ????? ? ???????? ????.
105
(No Transcript)
106
(No Transcript)
107
(No Transcript)
108
(No Transcript)
109
(No Transcript)
110
(No Transcript)
111
(No Transcript)
112


Checksum Checksum Checksum Checksum Checksum Checksum Checksum Checksum Checksum Checksum Checksum Checksum Checksum Checksum Checksum Checksum 0 Code 0 Code 0 Code 0 Code 0 Code 0 Code 0 Code 0 Code Type4 Type4 Type4 Type4 Type4 Type4 Type4 Type4
Unused Unused Unused Unused Unused Unused Unused Unused Unused Unused Unused Unused Unused Unused Unused Unused Unused Unused Unused Unused Unused Unused Unused Unused Unused Unused Unused Unused Unused Unused Unused Unused
Internet Header 64 bits of Original Data Datagram Internet Header 64 bits of Original Data Datagram Internet Header 64 bits of Original Data Datagram Internet Header 64 bits of Original Data Datagram Internet Header 64 bits of Original Data Datagram Internet Header 64 bits of Original Data Datagram Internet Header 64 bits of Original Data Datagram Internet Header 64 bits of Original Data Datagram Internet Header 64 bits of Original Data Datagram Internet Header 64 bits of Original Data Datagram Internet Header 64 bits of Original Data Datagram Internet Header 64 bits of Original Data Datagram Internet Header 64 bits of Original Data Datagram Internet Header 64 bits of Original Data Datagram Internet Header 64 bits of Original Data Datagram Internet Header 64 bits of Original Data Datagram Internet Header 64 bits of Original Data Datagram Internet Header 64 bits of Original Data Datagram Internet Header 64 bits of Original Data Datagram Internet Header 64 bits of Original Data Datagram Internet Header 64 bits of Original Data Datagram Internet Header 64 bits of Original Data Datagram Internet Header 64 bits of Original Data Datagram Internet Header 64 bits of Original Data Datagram Internet Header 64 bits of Original Data Datagram Internet Header 64 bits of Original Data Datagram Internet Header 64 bits of Original Data Datagram Internet Header 64 bits of Original Data Datagram Internet Header 64 bits of Original Data Datagram Internet Header 64 bits of Original Data Datagram Internet Header 64 bits of Original Data Datagram Internet Header 64 bits of Original Data Datagram
113
(No Transcript)
114
Identifier
Sequence Number
115


Checksum Checksum Checksum Checksum Checksum Checksum Checksum Checksum Checksum Checksum Checksum Checksum Checksum Checksum Checksum Checksum 0Code 0Code 0Code 0Code 0Code 0Code 0Code 0Code Type? Type? Type? Type? Type? Type? Type? Type?
Sequence Number Sequence Number Sequence Number Sequence Number Sequence Number Sequence Number Sequence Number Sequence Number Sequence Number Sequence Number Sequence Number Sequence Number Sequence Number Sequence Number Sequence Number Sequence Number Identifier Identifier Identifier Identifier Identifier Identifier Identifier Identifier Identifier Identifier Identifier Identifier Identifier Identifier Identifier Identifier
Originate Timestamp Originate Timestamp Originate Timestamp Originate Timestamp Originate Timestamp Originate Timestamp Originate Timestamp Originate Timestamp Originate Timestamp Originate Timestamp Originate Timestamp Originate Timestamp Originate Timestamp Originate Timestamp Originate Timestamp Originate Timestamp Originate Timestamp Originate Timestamp Originate Timestamp Originate Timestamp Originate Timestamp Originate Timestamp Originate Timestamp Originate Timestamp Originate Timestamp Originate Timestamp Originate Timestamp Originate Timestamp Originate Timestamp Originate Timestamp Originate Timestamp Originate Timestamp
Receive Timestamp Receive Timestamp Receive Timestamp Receive Timestamp Receive Timestamp Receive Timestamp Receive Timestamp Receive Timestamp Receive Timestamp Receive Timestamp Receive Timestamp Receive Timestamp Receive Timestamp Receive Timestamp Receive Timestamp Receive Timestamp Receive Timestamp Receive Timestamp Receive Timestamp Receive Timestamp Receive Timestamp Receive Timestamp Receive Timestamp Receive Timestamp Receive Timestamp Receive Timestamp Receive Timestamp Receive Timestamp Receive Timestamp Receive Timestamp Receive Timestamp Receive Timestamp
Transmit Timestamp Transmit Timestamp Transmit Timestamp Transmit Timestamp Transmit Timestamp Transmit Timestamp Transmit Timestamp Transmit Timestamp Transmit Timestamp Transmit Timestamp Transmit Timestamp Transmit Timestamp Transmit Timestamp Transmit Timestamp Transmit Timestamp Transmit Timestamp Transmit Timestamp Transmit Timestamp Transmit Timestamp Transmit Timestamp Transmit Timestamp Transmit Timestamp Transmit Timestamp Transmit Timestamp Transmit Timestamp Transmit Timestamp Transmit Timestamp Transmit Timestamp Transmit Timestamp Transmit Timestamp Transmit Timestamp Transmit Timestamp
116
(No Transcript)
117
(No Transcript)
118
Hardware Type Hardware Type
Protocol Type Protocol Type
Protocol Address Length Hardware Address Length
Operation Code Operation Code
Source Hardware Address Source Hardware Address
Source IP Address Source IP Address
Destination Hardware Address Destination Hardware Address
Destination IP Address Destination IP Address
119
(No Transcript)
120
(No Transcript)
121
(No Transcript)
122
??????? ?????? ??? ???? ??????? ?????? ?? ?? ???
???? ??????? ??????? ?????? ????????? ? ????????
?????? ?? ??? ???? ???????????? ????????
??????? ???? ???? ???? ????? ????? ???? ?????????
?? ??????? ?? ????? ?? ???? ?? ????? ????.
123
(No Transcript)
124
(No Transcript)
125
(No Transcript)
126
??? vc
6. Receive data
5. Data flow begins
4. Call connected
3. Accept call
1. Initiate call
2. incoming call
127
(No Transcript)
128
??? Datagram
1. Send data
2. Receive data
129

130
(No Transcript)
131
(No Transcript)
132
(No Transcript)
133
(No Transcript)
134
(No Transcript)
135
(No Transcript)
136
(No Transcript)
137
(No Transcript)
138
(No Transcript)
139
Dijkstras Algorithm
140
(No Transcript)
141
(No Transcript)
142
(No Transcript)
143
(No Transcript)
144
????? ????? ?? ???????

• ?? ?????? ??? ????? ???? ??? ?? ?????? ?? ?????
  ???? ???? ?? ???.

145
????? ????? ?? ???????

• ????? ???????? ?? ??????? ???? ??? ?????? ?? ????
  ??????????? ???? ????? ??????? ? ?? ???? ?????
  ????? ???? ?? ?? ???? ????.

146
(No Transcript)
147
(No Transcript)
148
???? ??????? ?? ?????? ?????? ?????? ???? ????
?? ?????? ????? ????????
????? ????? ?? ???? ????? ??????? ????? ???? Zones ????? ???? Clusters ????? ????? Regions
720 720 - - 1 ???????? DV ???? ???????????
53 30 - - 24 ???????? DV ?? ??????????? ???????
25 10 - 8 9 ???????? DV ?? ??????????? ???????
19 4 4 5 9 ???????? DV ?? ??????????? ???????
?????? ?????? ???? ???????? ?? ?????? ?????
???????
149
(No Transcript)
150
(No Transcript)
151
(No Transcript)
152
(No Transcript)
153
(No Transcript)
154
(No Transcript)
155
(No Transcript)
156
(No Transcript)
157
(No Transcript)
158
?????? BGP ?????? ???????? ????? The Exterior
Gateway Routing Protocol
159
?????? ???? ?? ?????? ??? ?????????? BGP
160
(No Transcript)
161
(No Transcript)
162
????????? ???? ??????
UDP User Datagram Protocol
TCP Transmisson Control Protocol
163
(No Transcript)
164
(No Transcript)
165

• ??? ????? ???? ????? ? ????? ???????

166
Port
Protocol
Use
21
FTP
File transfer
23
Remote login
Telnet
E-mail
25
SMTP
69
Trivial File Transfer Protocol
TFTP
Finger
Lookup info about a user
79
80
World Wide Web
HTTP
POP-3
110
Remote e-mail access
USENET news
119
NNTP
167
(No Transcript)
168
?????? ???? ??? ?????? TCP

• TPDU Transport Protocol Data Unit ???? ?????
  ??? ?? ???? ?????? ????TCP

169
(No Transcript)
170
(No Transcript)
171
(No Transcript)
172
?????? Flag
??? URG
173
????? ???? 1 ?????????? ????? ???? ????? ?????
?? ???? Acknowledgement Number
174
(No Transcript)
175
(No Transcript)
176
(No Transcript)
177


Source IP Address Source IP Address Source IP Address Source IP Address Source IP Address Source IP Address Source IP Address Source IP Address Source IP Address Source IP Address Source IP Address Source IP Address Source IP Address Source IP Address Source IP Address Source IP Address Source IP Address Source IP Address Source IP Address Source IP Address Source IP Address Source IP Address Source IP Address Source IP Address Source IP Address Source IP Address Source IP Address Source IP Address Source IP Address Source IP Address Source IP Address Source IP Address
Destination IP Address Destination IP Address Destination IP Address Destination IP Address Destination IP Address Destination IP Address Destination IP Address Destination IP Address Destination IP Address Destination IP Address Destination IP Address Destination IP Address Destination IP Address Destination IP Address Destination IP Address Destination IP Address Destination IP Address Destination IP Address Destination IP Address Destination IP Address Destination IP Address Destination IP Address Destination IP Address Destination IP Address Destination IP Address Destination IP Address Destination IP Address Destination IP Address Destination IP Address Destination IP Address Destination IP Address Destination IP Address
TCP Segment Length TCP Segment Length TCP Segment Length TCP Segment Length TCP Segment Length TCP Segment Length TCP Segment Length TCP Segment Length TCP Segment Length TCP Segment Length TCP Segment Length TCP Segment Length TCP Segment Length TCP Segment Length TCP Segment Length TCP Segment Length 00000110 00000110 00000110 00000110 00000110 00000110 00000110 00000110 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000
178
(No Transcript)
179
(No Transcript)
180
(No Transcript)
181
(No Transcript)
182
(No Transcript)
183
(No Transcript)
184
(No Transcript)
185
????? ??? ?????
???????? ????? ?? ????? ??????? ???????? ????? ?? ????? ???????
????? ????? ????? ???? ?? ?? ????? ??? ??? ???? ????? Ack ?? ??????? ???. SND.UNA
????? ????? ????? ???? ?? ???? ?? ?? ?? ????? ?? ??? ?? ???? ???? ?? ???? ????? ???. SND.NXT
????? ???? ???? ?? ???? ????? SND.WND
????? ????? ????? ???? ??? ??????? ?? ????? ?????? ??????? ??? ???. SND.UP
SND .WL1
SND.WL2
????? ????? ????? ???? ???? ?? ???? ??? ?? ?????? ??????? ???? (Push) ???. SND.PUSH
????? ????? ??????? ????? ???? ??? ??????? ?? ?? ??? ?????? ?? ??? ?? ????? ??????. SND.ISS

???????? ????? ?? ?????? ??????? ???????? ????? ?? ?????? ???????
????? ????? ????? ???? ?? ???? ???? ?? ?? ?? ????? ?? ??? ?????? ?????? ???? ????. RCV.NXT
????? ???? ???? ?? ???? ?????? RCV.WND
????? ????? ????? ???? ??? ??????? ?? ???? ?????? ??? ????? ????? ??? ???. RCV.UP
????? ????? ??????? ????? ???? ??? ?????? ?? ?? ??? ?????? ?? ??? ?? ????? ??????. RCV.IRS
???????? ??????? ???? TCP
186
??????
???????
???? ???? ????? ????? ?? ?????? TCP
187
(No Transcript)
188
(No Transcript)
189
(No Transcript)
190
RTTnewRTTold4Dnew Dnew?.Dold(1-?).(RTTold-M)
?7/8 ????? ????? D ???????? ??? ????.
191
(No Transcript)
192
(No Transcript)
193
(No Transcript)
194
(No Transcript)
195
(No Transcript)
196
(No Transcript)
197
(No Transcript)
198
(No Transcript)
199

• ???? ????? ????????? ???
• ????? ??? ???? ? ????? ????? ???
• ?????? ????? ?? ????? ????????? ???
• ????????? ??????
• ????????? ???????
• ????????? ?????
• ?????? ???? ???????? ?? ????? ????????? ???
• ???? ???? ?? ??????????????? ??? ????
• ???? ?????? ???? ?? ???????
• ???? ?????? SNMP

200
(No Transcript)
201
?????? ?? ????? ????? ??????? ??????? ???????
?????? ??? ???? ????? www.ibm.com
202
(No Transcript)
203
(No Transcript)
204
(No Transcript)
205
(No Transcript)
206
(No Transcript)
207
(No Transcript)
208
Root
2
Query for address of .Com name server
Local Name Server
Referral to .Com NameServer
4
Query of address of microsoft.com Server
.Com
.edu
5
6
Microsoft.com
209
(No Transcript)
210
Root
Root Name Server
3
6
.com
.edu
8
Microsoft.com
211
(No Transcript)
212
(No Transcript)
213
(No Transcript)
214
(No Transcript)
215
(No Transcript)
216
(No Transcript)
217
(No Transcript)
218
Authoritative data for cs.vu.nl cs.vu.nl. 86400 IN SOA star boss (952771,7200,2419200,86400) cs.vu.nl. 86400 IN TXT Faculteit wiskunde en informatica cs.vu.nl. 86400 IN TXT Virje universiteit Amsteradam cs.vu.nl. 86400 IN MX 1 zephyr.cs.vu.nl. cs.vu.nl. 86400 IN MX 2 top .cs.vu.nl. flits.cs vu.nl. 86400 IN HINFO SUN UNIX flits.cs vu.nl. 86400 IN A 130.37.231.165 flits.cs vu.nl. 86400 IN A 192.31.231.165 flits.cs vu.nl. 86400 IN MX 1 flits.cs.vu.nl flits.cs vu.nl. 86400 IN MX 2 zephyr .cs.vu.nl flits.cs vu.nl. 86400 IN MX 3 top.cs.vu.nl www.cs.vu.nl. 86400 IN CNAME star.cs.vu.nl ftp.cs.vu.nl. 86400 IN CNAME zephyr.cs. vy.nl rowboat IN A 130.37.56.201 IN MX 1 rowboat IN MX 2 zephyr little-sister IN A 130.37.62.23 IN HINFO Mac MacOS laserjet IN A 192.31.231.216 IN HINFO HP LaserJet IIISi Proprietary
219
Header
Question
Answer
Authority
Additional
220
(No Transcript)
221
(No Transcript)
222
(No Transcript)
223
(No Transcript)
224
(No Transcript)
225
(No Transcript)
226
(No Transcript)
227
(No Transcript)
228
(No Transcript)
229
(No Transcript)
230
(No Transcript)
231
(No Transcript)
232
(No Transcript)
233
(No Transcript)
234
(No Transcript)
235
(No Transcript)
236
(No Transcript)
237
(No Transcript)
238
(No Transcript)
239
(No Transcript)
240
(No Transcript)
241
(No Transcript)
242
(No Transcript)
243
(No Transcript)
244
???????? ??? ?????? ??? ?????
245
(No Transcript)
246
(No Transcript)
247
??????? ???? ????
248
Applet ????
249
?? ??? ????? ?? ????
?????????? ????