Do Now (In Notebooks)

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Do Now (In Notebooks)

• Where did the Earths Moon come from?
• What is the biggest effect the moon has on Earth?

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The Moon
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• Essential Question
• What if there was no moon?
• Objectives
• Students will be able to
• Describe formation theories of the moon
• Describe how the moon affects tides
• Identify the phases of the moon
• Provide the mechanism for eclipses
• Differentiate between solar and lunar eclipses

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Where did the moon come from?

• There are three theories of the moons formation
• Capture Theory
• Simultaneous Formation Theory
• Impact Theory

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Capture Theory

• Moon caught by Earths gravitational pull
• Problems
• What slowed the Moon?
• Why are the compositions so similar?

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Simultaneous Formation Theory

• Moon and Earth formed at same general time in
  same general area
• Problem
• Why does Earth have so much more iron?
• Why doesnt the moon have water like the Earth?

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Impact Theory

• Earth collided with a Mars-sized object
• Materials from collision came together to form
  moon
• Explosion evaporated water

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The Moons Features

• Highlands
• Areas light in color
• Mountainous
• Maria
• Dark smooth regions
• From Eruptions
• Impact craters
• Regolith
• Loose, ground up rock
• Radius - 1737.4 km
• About 1/4th of Earths

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• How does the Moon affect us?

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Tides

• Periodic rise and fall of the level of the ocean
• The moons gravity pulls on Earth
• Gravity creates build up of ocean water on both
  near and far sides of the Earth

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• The ocean water build up stays in line with the
  moon
• The ocean level rises and falls every 12 hours

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Tidal Range

• Vertical distance between low and high tide
• 1- 2 m on East Coast of North America
• Bay of Fundy 20 meters

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Tides

• Semidiurnal Tide
• 2 high tides and 2 low tides in 24 hours
• Diurnal Tide
• one high tide and one low tide in 24 hours

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The Suns Effect

• Spring Tide
• When the sun and moon are aligned
• Tides are HIGHER than normal
• Neap Tide
• When the moon and sun are at right angles
• Tides are LOWER than normal

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Sun vs. Moon

• Does the Sun or the Moon have a larger effect on
  tides?

THE MOON!! Even though the moon is smaller than
the Sun, the moon is much closer to the Earth,
and therefore has a larger effect on the tides.
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Do Now In Notebooks

• What is the most likely theory of the Moons
  formation?
• Draw the Sun, Earth, and Moon as they are
  arranged during a neap tide.

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Phases of the Moon
What if there was no moon?
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What causes the moons phases?

• The moon does not emit visible light
• The moon is visible due to reflected sunlight
• One side (1/2) of the moon is always lit
• As the moon rotates around Earth, the light
  reflected by the moon changes, causing phases

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Phase Names

• Gibbous
• Crescent
• Quarter moon
• Full Moon
• New Moon

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Waxing Vs. Waning

• Waxing
• Increase in visible, sunlit portion of the moon
• Right side of moon is visible
• Waning
• Decrease in visible, sunlit portion of the moon
• Left side of the moon is visible

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Phase Names

• Waxing Crescent
• First Quarter
• Waxing Gibbous
• Full Moon
• Waning Gibbous
• Third Quarter
• Waning Crescent

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Name the phases
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Eclipses
What if there was no moon?
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Eclipses

• One object moves into the shadow of another
• Named for the celestial body that is blocked

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Lunar Eclipse

• Moon passes into Earths shadow
• Reflected light from the sun is blocked, instead
  moon seems red
• Can only occur during full moon
• Occur slightly more frequently than solar

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Solar Eclipse

• Moon passes between Earth and Sun
• Only see outer layers of sun
• Occurs during new moon

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Regions of Solar Eclipse

• Umbra
• Area does not receive sunlight, total eclipse
• Penumbra
• Receives partial sunlight, partial eclipse

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Why dont we have monthly eclipses?

• The moons orbit is tilted compared to Earth
• Eclipses only occur when orbits line up