THE PROGRESSIVE ERA 1901-1919

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THE PROGRESSIVE ERA1901-1919

• Theodore Roosevelt
• Trust Busting
• The Jungle
• Progressive Reform
• The Panama Canal
• William Howard Taft
• Woodrow Wilson

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McKINLEY ASSASSINATION
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VP THEODORE ROOSEVELT (TR) BECOMES PRESIDENT

• REPUBLICAN PARTY
• 1901 - 1909
• PLATFORMS
• Domestic Policy
• Square Deal
• Domestic Prosperity
• Foreign Policy
• Gunboat Diplomacy
• USA World Power

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BIG BUSINESSCORPORATE MONOPOLIES
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TR and TRUST BUSTING

• Sherman Anti-Trust Act
• JP Morgan RR

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GOVT CORRUPTION

• DIRECT PRIMARY
• Who runs for Pres.
• 17th AMENDMENT
• Direct Election of
• Senators

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PUBLIC HEALTH THE JUNGLE I aimed at the
publics heart, and by accident, I hit it in the
stomach.
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MAIN ISSUES
Labor, business, govt corruption, consumers,
health, environment Square Deal then New
Nationalism
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TR REFORMS

• 1906 Pure Food and Drug Act
• 1906 Meat Inspection Act
• USDA Inspections of
• Meat
• 
  
  
• FDA - Food and Drug Administration Created

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Protecting US Interests

• US WORLD POWER
• Speak Softly and Carry
• a Big Stick
• Gunboat Diplomacy - NAVY

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Roosevelt Corollary to the Monroe Doctrine

• Intervention Policy
• USA assumes International Police Officer role
  in W. Hemisphere

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THE PANAMA CANALWhy Would the USA Want This???

• Strategy
• Revenue
• Influence

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TR Visits Canal Construction
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THE CANAL OPENS August, 1914

• USA controls until 1999

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TEDDY BEAR
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ACCOMPLISHMENTS
Trustbusting campaign, railroad regulation, Meat
Inspection and Food Drug Acts, made public land
into preserves, national parks reclamation
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PROBLEMS
Very popular, no opposition in 1904 for
re-election. Critics said conservation efforts
too costly.
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ELECTION OF 1909William Howard Taft Elected

• TR had pledged not to run again, and doesnt
• Hand picks his successor- TAFT
• Republican Party

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President Taft?
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Embarrassing Moment
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Taft Govt

• Platforms
• New Nationalism
• Protect workers
• Dollar Diplomacy
• Financial Influence in Latin America
• ISSUES
• Big Business
• Labor
• Revenue

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MAIN ISSUES
Labor, business, health, environment
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Business Reforms

• Files more Anti-Trust Suits than TR

• Mann-Elkins Act
• ICC power
• Regulate RR rates

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Labor Reforms

• Dept. of Labor
• Enforce Labor Laws
• 8 Hour Workday

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Govt Revenue

• 16th Amd.
• Federal Income tax

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ACCOMPLISHMENTS
Filed 90 anti-trust suits, increased forest
preserves, encouraged labor safety laws, helped
pass income tax ? 16th Amendment
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PROBLEMS
Former judge. Did not want presidency.
Progressives did not like his support for
lowering tariffs firing US Forestry Service
head not helping dispute in Congressional Rules
Committee ? Lost Teddy Roosevelts support
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TR and Taft Fallout
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Woodrow Wilson Elected PresidentDemocrat
(1913-1921)
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Wilsons Platforms

• New Freedom Revive small business
• Moral Diplomacy
• Support USA like countries
• Democracy

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REFORM ISSUES

• BANKING
• BIG BUSINESS
• LABOR
• TEMPERANCE

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MAIN ISSUES
New Freedom ? Tariffs, bank govt reform,
business, labor, free competition
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Banking Reforms

• Federal Reserve Act - Three-Level Banking
  System
• 1. Federal Reserve Board
• 2. 12 Fed. Reserve Banks
• 3. Private Banks

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Wilson Business Reforms

• Clayton Anti-Trust Act clarified Sherman Act by
  stating what corporations could not do
• Federal Trade Commission (FTC) investigates
  unfair practices (mislabeling products)

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Child Labor

• Keating-Owen Child Labor Act (1916)
• Outlawed interstate sale of products made from
  child labor
• USSC declared it Unconstitutional (restricted
  commerce)

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Temperance

• 18th Amd.
• Prohibition

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ACCOMPLISHMENTS
Reduced tariffs, graduated income tax, Federal
Reserve Act, limited monopolies trusts, Federal
Trade Commission to investigate businesses, loans
to farmers, shorter workday for railroad workers
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PROBLEMS
Could not get child labor laws passed. Did not
support suffrage for women in his campaign for
reelection. Blacks rights unprotected.
Prohibition difficult to enforce.
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