African

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African Imperialism
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What We Will Learn Today

• Definition of
• Scramble for Africa
• What European nations imperialized Africa?
• What the causes were.
• What the effects were.

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Scramble for Africa
From the 900s 1500s, the slave trading had been
going on in Africa long before European countries
started visiting Africas west coast to buy
slaves. From the 1500s 1800s, African nations
participated in the Atlantic Slave
Trade. European countries would buy or bargain
for slaves, then ship them to North and South
America for their colonization efforts.
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Atlantic Slave Trade
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Scramble for Africa
In the 1870s the Belgians began to trade with
Africans in the Congo.
Fearing they would miss out on various raw
materials, the other European nations scrambled
to establish their presence on the continent.
King Leopold
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Scramble for Africa
Berlin Conference
In 1884, to avoid conflict amongst themselves,
European leaders met at the Berlin Conference to
set up rules for colonizing Africa. No Africans
were invited.
Berlin Conference
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Scramble for Africa
Berlin Conference
The European powers agreed that before they could
claim territory they would have to set up an
outpost. Whoever was the first to build the
outpost gained that area of land.
Berlin Conference
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Scramble for Africa 1876 - 1914
Berlin Conference
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Causes Effects
Causes Effects
1. Europes Industrial Revolution 1. Encouraged tribal wars by creating artificial borders
2. Fear of being left behind of other European countries efforts 2. Downgraded traditional African culture ? westernization
3. Access to natural resources needed for industry Palm oil, minerals, lumber and rubber 3. Exploited natural resources minerals, lumber, rubber, human rights.
4. Gaining foreign outposts and additional land 4. Produced cash crops needed by Europeans, and not food for Africans