Andrew Jackson

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Andrew Jackson 1767 - 1845
Chapter 12 Section 2
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Essential Question
Champion of the Common Man?
KingAndrew?
OR
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What were the democratic trends in the 19c?
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Voting Requirements in the Early 19c
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Voter Turnout 1820 - 1860
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Why Increased Democratization?

• White male suffrage increased
• Party nominating committees.
• Voters chose their states slate of Presidential
  electors.
• Spoils system.
• Rise of Third Parties.
• Popular campaigning (parades, rallies, floats,
  etc.)
• Two-party system returned in the 1832 election
• Dem-Reps ? Natl. Reps.(1828) ? Whigs
  (1832) ? Republicans (1854)
• Democrats (1828)

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Jackson's Early Life
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Jacksons First Hermitage Residence
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First Known Painting of Jackson, 1815
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General Jackson During the Seminole Wars
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Jackson's First Presidential Run
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The Common MansPresidential Candidate
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Jacksons Opponents in 1824
Henry ClayKY
John Quincy AdamsMA
John C. CalhounSC
William H. CrawfordGA
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Results of the 1824 Election
Corrupt Bargain?
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What were the key issues in 1828?
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Rachel Jackson
Final Divorce Decree
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Jackson in Mourning for His Wife
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1828 Election Results
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The Center of Population in theCountry Moves WEST
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The New Jackson Coalition

• The Planter Elite in the South
• People on the Frontier
• State Politicians spoils system
• Immigrants in the cities.

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Jacksons Faith in the Common Man

• Intense distrust of Easternestablishment,
  monopolies, special privilege.
• His heart soul was with theplain folk.
• Belief that the common man was capable of
  uncommon achievements.

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The Reign of King Mob
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Andrew Jackson as President
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The Peggy Eaton Affair
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The Nullification Issue
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The Webster-Hayne Debate
Sen. Daniel WebsterMA
Sen. Robert HayneSC
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1830
Webster Liberty and Union, now and
forever, one and inseparable.
Jackson Our Federal Unionit must be
preserved.
Calhoun The Union, next to our liberty,
most dear.
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The Tariff Issue
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1832 Tariff Conflict

• 1828 --gt Tariff of Abomination
• 1832 --gt new tariff
• South Carolinas reaction?
• Jacksons response?
• Clays Compromise Tariff?

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Jackson's Native-American Policy
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Indian Removal

• Jacksons Goal?
• 1830 ? Indian Removal Act
• Cherokee Nation v. GA (1831) domestic
  dependent nation
• Worcester v. GA (1832)
• Jackson John Marshall has made his
  decision, now let him enforce it!

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The Cherokee Nation After 1820
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Indian Removal
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Trail of Tears (1838-1839)
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Jacksons Professed Love forNative Americans
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Renewing the Charter of the 1st National Bank
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Jacksons Use of Federal Power
VETO
1830 ? Maysville Road project in KY
state of his political rival, Henry
Clay
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The National Bank Debate
PresidentJackson
NicholasBiddle
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Opposition to the 2nd B.U.S.
Soft(paper)
Hard(specie)

• state bankers feltit restrained theirbanks from
  issuingbank notes freely.
• supported rapid economic growth speculation.

• felt that coin was the only safecurrency.
• didnt like any bankthat issued banknotes.
• suspicious of expansion speculation.

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The Monster Is Destroyed!

• pet banks?
• 1832 ? Jackson vetoed the extension of
  the 2nd National Bank of the
  United States.
• 1836 ? the charter expired.
• 1841 ? the bank went bankrupt!

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The Downfall of Mother Bank
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An 1832 Cartoon KingAndrew?
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1832 Election Results
Main Issue?
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The Specie Circular (1836)

• wildcat banks.
• buy future federalland only with gold orsilver.
• Jacksons goal?

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Results of the Specie Circular

• Banknotes loose their value.
• Land sales plummeted.
• Credit not available.
• Businesses began to fail.
• Unemployment rose.

The Panic of 1837!
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The 1836 Election Results
Martin Van Buren Old KinderhookO. K.
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The Panic of 1837 Spreads Quickly!
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Andrew Jackson in Retirement
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Photo of Andrew Jackson in 1844(one year before
his death)
1767 - 1845