EL SUBJUNTIVO

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EL SUBJUNTIVO
Its all in the mood!
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Verbs show the action and they also show a tense
and a mood.

• The tense tells you the time of the action
• Present, preterit, future, etc are tenses.

• The mood tells the speakers attitude towards
  the action.
• Indicative, commands and the subjunctive are
  moods.

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The indicative moods tells it like it is

• Juan es mi novio.
• Juan is my boyfriend.
• Ayer, fuimos al cine.
• Yesterday, we went to the movie.

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A command tells someone to do something.

• Vayan Uds. a la tienda.
• You (pl.) go to the store.
• Rafael, despiértese a las seis.
• Rafael, get up at six.
• Escuchen Uds. a la maestra siempre.
• You(pl.) listen to the teacher always.

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The subjunctive mood wishes, suggests and
fantasizes about things.

• I suggest that Juan drive.
• Sugiero que Juan conduzca.
• She wants her daughter to be a princess. . .
• Ella quiere que su hija sea princesa. . .

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The subjunctive is rarely used in English and
sounds strange to those who are not highly
educated.
Huh?
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INDICATIVE SUBJUNCTIVE

• You are late.
• I am sick.
• Juan studies.

• It is important that you be on time.
• I wish I were not sick.
• The teacher insists that he study.

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In Spanish, the subjunctive is used a lot, and
you need to use it to prove that you are not
ignorant.

• Sugiero que mires cuando andas en bote.
• I suggest that you look when you ride in a boat.
• Es importante que sepas adonde va el río.
• Its important that you know where the river
  goes.
• Dudo que vayas a sobrevivir el accidente.
• I doubt that you will survive the accident.

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Both the Indicative mood and the Subjunctive mood
are used in compound sentences which are
connected by que.

• The mood that is used depends on the Main Clause.

• La gente sabe que la verdad es la mejor.
  (indicative)
• People know that the truth is best.
• No creo que Brian venga a la fiesta a las ocho.
  (subjunctive)
• I dont believe that Brian will come to the party
  at eight.

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The INDICATIVE MOOD is objective and used to
describe facts, it states what is certain.

• Estoy seguro que Juan va con nosotros.
• I am certain that Juan is going with us.
• Es cierto que la falda roja es de algodón.
• Theres no doubt that the red skirt is made of
  cotton.
• La maestra dice que hay un examen hoy.
• The teacher says that theres a test today.

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The SUBJUNCTIVE MOOD is subjective, it expresses
feelings, judgments and emotions about an action.

• It is bad that we cant go.
• Es horrible que no podamos ir.
• It is scandalous that she is wearing that dress.
• Es escandaloso que ella lleve ese vestido.
• It bothers me that he cant come to the meeting.
• Me molesta que él no pueda venir a la reunión.

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Notice that the SUBJUNCTIVE MOOD consists of two
clauses, joined together by que
Main Clause
Dependent Clause
Conj.

• It is bad that we cant go.
• -Es horrible que no podamos ir.
• Its scandalous that she is wearing that dress.
• -Es escandaloso que ella lleve ese vestido.
• It bothers me that he cant come.
• -Me molesta que él no pueda venir

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For the dependent clause to be subjunctive, the
main clause must state the following

• Impose will. I want you to study tonight.
• Necessity. It is necessary that you leave now.
• Emotion. I hope that you find the money.
• Doubt. I doubt that he knows the answer.
• Possibility. It is possible that he is coming.

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To form the Present Subjunctive tense

• Start with the present tense, yo form of the verb
• Tener Tengo
• Remove the O Teng
• Add the opposite ending just like we did to make
  commands.

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Present Subjunctive of Tener
tenga tengamos tengas tengáis tenga tengan
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Present Subjunctive of cuidar (to care for)
cuide cuidemos cuides cuidéis cuide cuiden