El subjuntivo:

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El subjuntivo The WEDDING TENSE
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What is the subjunctive tense?
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Actually, the subjunctive is not referred to as a
tense, such as preterit or future, but rather as
a mood.
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The indicative mood states facts and expresses
certainty or reality.
The subjunctive mood expresses uncertainty,
doubt, wishes, desires, and conditions that are
unreal or contrary to fact.
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Does English use the subjunctive mood?
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Yes, Homer, but it is used far more frequently in
Spanish.
Example It is important that he go to a good
school.
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When does one know when to use subjunctive?
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In order to use the subjunctive, it is important
that we have A WEDDING
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Maravilloso!
Una boda?
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A W.E.D.D.I,N.G. is actually an acronym to help
us remember all of the different ways we use the
subjunctive mood.
is for Adverbial phrases
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Adverbial Phrases include
a fin de que so that para que so that a menos
que unless antes de que before con tal que
provided that en caso de que in case (that) sin
que without
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is for
Wishing, wanting or requesting
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Wishing, wanting and requesting
aconsejar to advise or counsel desear to wish,
to want exigir to demand insistir to
insist mandar to command, to order pedir to ask
for preferir to prefer querer to want rogarto
beg suplicar to plead
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Stands for EMOTIONS
alegrarse de que to be happy that entristecerse
de que to be sad that esperar to hope ojalá if
only/god willing sorprenderse de que surprised
that temer que to fear that tener miedo de que
to be afraid that
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is for
creer? pensar? dudar no creer
Doubt
Hay alguién que? (Is there someone who)
Busco a una persona que I am looking for a
person that.
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is for
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negar to deny prohibir to prohibit
DENIAL
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mpersonal Expressions
Es importante que es menester que it is
important that Es imposible que es necesario
que Es lastima que it is a pity that es preciso
que it is necessary that Es mejor que it is
better that es posible que Mas vale que it is
better that es probable que
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eed
necesitar to need
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rief
sentir que to feel sorry lamentar to lament, to
feel bad that
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In order to have A WEDDING, we need 3 things
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1. an independent verb or phrase, a strong verb
In this case, a strong, independent woman
She must make the proposal
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2. A dependent verb that will submit to the
independent verb
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In between the independent and the dependent,
there is another important element
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Proposals are completed with a wedding ring. We
usually say that the ring is 14K or 12K
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For our purposes, we will say that the proposal
is complete with 1K (que)
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In order to form subjunctive, we must have three
requirements
1. The independent verb or phrase, or WEDDING
phrase
The (K) que in between
2. The dependent verb (He must change)
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Dependent Verbs
To be successful in his marriage, we know that
the dependent MUST CHANGE
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The general rule for changing dependent verbs
into subjunctive is by adding the opposite vowel
ending.
que yo hable que tu hables que el hable que
nosotros hablemos que vosotros habléis que ellos
hablen
hablar
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The opposite vowel rule is always true in the
subjunctive However, there are different
families of verbs that have different rules about
how the stem of the verb changes.
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Familia de los zapatos
With verbs that stem change e-ie, o-ue, or
e-i Always stem-change first, and then put on the
opposite vowel ending.
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Familia Yo-GO
Verbs that change to go in yo form in the
present tense must change as such and then you
put on the opposite vowel ending.
pongo ponga vengo venga oigo oiga hago
haga digo diga
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Famila -ya
The i changes to y in verbs that end in -uir in
present tense.
Present (el) Subj. (el)
construir construye construya
distribuir distribuye distribuya
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Familia -ZCA
Verbs that end in cer or cir change in yo form
present tense to zco.
Present (yo) Subj. (yo)
conocer conozco conozca
conducir conduzco conduzca
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Familia -CAR, -GAR, -ZAR
-zar z changes to ce
-gar g changes to gue
-car c changes to que
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Familia irregular
saber sepa dar dé ir vaya caber
quepa haber haya estar esté