Time-Space Convergence

1
Time-Space Convergence

• Distance-Decay
• Means that places closer to one another are more
  likely to interact as a result of the friction of
  distance.
• What has happened to Distance Decay and why?

2
Types of Transport
What reasons would you choose one mode of
transport over another Item to be
transported The cost The speed it needs
transporting Compare transport of strawberries
to coal for example.
3

• Operating Costs include
• Overheads cost of equipment
• Variable costs e.g. fuel
• Indirect costs eg insurance

Over long distances shipping is very competitive
as it has low operating costs They also benefit
from ECONOMIES OF SCALE (cheaper to send in bulk)
4
Because of economies of scale things get bigger
5
What are the advantages and Disadvantages of
different modes of transport?
Advantages Disadvantages
Water (ocean) Cheaper over long distances No cost in building the route Good for bulky, low cost goods, e.g. coals, ores, grains Costs spread over a large cargo Slow Very limited routes to deep water ports Ships expensive to build and maintain Environmental problems Ports take up great space
Air Faster over long distances Limited congestion Good for high-value transport such as people, hi-tech cargo and urgent cargo also some perishables e.g. flowers. Lots of land needed Noise Expensive to build and maintain No flexibility of routes Very expensive Can carry only small loads.
6
Comparing Costs
7
Tasks

• 1. Geographyalltheway watch james may, make
  notes
• Timelines for development of air and Water
  transport
• Notes from page 152