Bleeding and Shock

1
Bleeding and Shock

• Bleeding
• Control of bleeding
• Shock
• Care for Shock

2
Bleeding - Types of Bleeding

• Arterial Bleeding Usually bright red in color,
  rapid profuse-spurting with every heartbeat.
  
• Venous Bleeding Dark red/maroon in color,
  steady and can be profuse.
• Capillary bleeding slow/oozing bleed due to
  their small size and low pressure.
• Hemorrhage (general definition) Severe bleeding
  anywhere.

3
Bleeding Composition

• Plasma liquid
• Platelets coagulation
• RBCs erythrocytes gas carriers
• WBCs leukocytes infection fighters

4
Controlling Bleeding

• Direct Pressure
• Elevation
• Pressure Points
• Splinting
• Cold Application
• PASG/MAST
• Tourniquet

5
Shock
Comp Comp Uncomp Irreversible
RR Normal Rapid/shallow Rapid/shallow
HR Tachy Tachy Tachy
BP Normal, SlightlyDecreased Decreased Severely decreased
Skin Normal Cool Pale Diaphoretic Cool Pale Diaphoretic
LOC NormalAnxiousRestless Confused,Combative Altered Unconscious Unresponsive

• Compensated Body is able to continue to perfuse
  ALL portions of the body.
• Decompensated Body cannot compensate.
• Irreversible Cellular problems occur due to lack
  of perfusion. Death will occur, it is simply a
  matter of when.

6
Types of Shock

• Cardiogenic Shock Will never occur in a trauma
  patient. Associated with Congestive heart
  failure, as failure of the heart itself is what
  causes this problem. Treat Symptoms and
  transport.
• Septic Shock Systemic Shock due to an infection
  of some sort that has contaminated the blood
  stream. Treat as well as possible and transport.
• Hemorrhagic/Hypovolumic Shock Bleeding
  internally or externally from a major artery can
  quickly produce this type of shock. Vital signs
  will be an elevated HR. Can also be caused by
  burns or dehydration. Treat and Transport.
• Nuerogenic Shock Produced by the swelling of the
  spinal cord, or brain and compression of nerves.
  It causes issues with vascular tone. As a B, it
  is difficult to treat. ALS Intercept is
  recommended.