Bleeding and Shock

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(No Transcript)
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Learning objectives
You will learn

• a. to assess an unconscious person
• b. how to perform CPR on an adult
• c. how to perform CPR on a child
• d. how to perform CPR on a baby
• e. how to treat a big bleed
• f. how to recognise and treat clinical shock.

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Introduction
The lungs carry oxygen into the blood when you
breathe. The heart pumps the blood to every part
of the body. Every part of the body needs oxygen.
Without it, the body dies.
If someones breathing stops. or if someones
heart stops beating no oxygen gets through.
That person is in big trouble. Could you save
them?
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a. to assess an unconscious person
Jasmines story Me and my mates were in the park
when this jogger collapsed. He was running along
one moment and the next he was lying on the
ground
gt check for danger gt try to get a response gt
open the airway gt check for breathing
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a. to assess an unconscious person
Jasmines story It was a scary situation. But I
just concentrated on doing the right thing and
that kept me calm
It seemed safe enough and I was with my mates.
I tried shaking the mans shoulders and spoke to
him, but got no reaction so I knew he was
unconscious, so we shouted for help. I tilted
his head back and lifted his chin to open the
airway so I could check to see if he was
breathing
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b. how to perform CPR on an adult
If someone is not breathing, you have to act
fast! And stay calm Call 999 for an
ambulance. Then, its time for CPR.
Hes not breathing! Stay calm
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b. how to perform CPR on an adult
Cardio Pulmonary Resuscitation CPR for short.
It sounds complicated - but its not that
tricky. You press on someones chest and breathe
into someones mouth to keep them alive.
The chest compressions do the job of the heart
pushing blood around the body, the breathing gets
oxygen into their lungs.
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b. how to perform CPR on an adult
CPR How do I do it?
Call 999 before you start!
This video clip shows you more!
30 chest compressions
2 rescue breaths
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c. how to perform CPR on a child
If a child is unconscious you have to be more
gentle. Tap shoulders gently to try to get a
response.
This video shows you more!
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d. how to perform CPR on a baby
If a baby stops breathing, you have to be a lot
more gentle.
This video clip shows you what to do.
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e. how to treat a big bleed
If someone is losing a lot of blood, you
need to act. Blood carries oxygen to every
body part without it the body dies.
Adults each have about 6 litres of
blood. If an adult loses more than 1.5 litres,
his or her life is in danger. Children have
much less blood, so its even more important to
act quickly.
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e. how to treat a big bleed
I dropped a glass and cut my arm really badly
clearing it up. There was so much blood! It was
all over the kitchen floor. I started to panic,
but my girlfriend was there and she knew what to
do
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e. how to treat a big bleed
When you can see a lot of blood, you have to act
fast Click on the button to see what to
do.
How do you treat a big bleed? To answer
this question
gt Watch the video clip.
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e. how to treat a big bleed
How do you treat a big bleed?
1. Press on the wound 2. Raise the wound above
heart level 3. Bandage the wound 4. Call 999 for
an ambulance.
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e. how to treat a big bleed
Do you know how to treat a deep wound to the arm?
Put the pictures in the right order
The right order is
H D B G E A C F
Click for answers
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f. how to recognise and treat clinical shock
If you lose too much blood, you go into shock.
This is not the kind of shock you get at a sudden
surprise. This is clinical shock, where your
body starts to shut down Vital organs like the
heart, lungs and brain cannot get enough oxygen
from the blood that is left. They start to pack
up. You have to act fast. Left untreated, shock
can kill.
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f. how to recognise and treat clinical shock
pale, cold clammy skin
fast, shallow breathing
feels like throwing up
how to spot shock
thirst
restlessness
blueness around lips or ear lobes
feels weak and dizzy
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f. how to recognise and treat clinical shock
Internal bleeding can also lead to shock. Both
problems are caused by a lack of blood flowing to
the vital organs. So you deal with both problems
in the same way
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f. how to recognise and treat clinical shock
Ill keep talking to her and checking her
breathing until the ambulance comes.
gt Treat any big bleeds. gt Help casualty to lie
down. gt Raise casualtys legs above heart level,
so the blood runs to the vital organs where it is
most needed. gt Loosen casualtys clothing. gt Call
999 for an ambulance. gt Keep casualty warm lie
them on a blanket or coat and cover them with
another one. gt Do not let casualty eat, drink or
smoke.
Activity notes
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Plenary
The main points again
gt check for danger gt try to get a response gt
open the airway gt check for breathing gt give
chest compressions.
Remember it all like this.
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Plenary

• Big bleed
• gt Press on the wound.
• gt Raise it above heart level.
• gt Bandage the wound.
• Shock
• gt Lie casualty down.
• gt Raise casualtys feet above heart level.
• gt Keep casualty warm.

Call 999 as soon as you can
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Find out more
Youve now completed this lesson about first aid
basics. Test your knowledge in our interactive
quiz or find out more with one of these
activities
Interactive quiz
Read a CPR flowchart. Draw a set of pictures for
it.
Lee stumbled towards me, blood trickling down
his arm Finish the story.
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(No Transcript)
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• gt Work in threes to act out an emergency
  situation.
• gt In your groups of three decide who will be
• the casualty of an accident who has a deep cut
  to the left arm.
• the role of first-aider.
• the operator at ambulance control.
• gt What questions would the operator ask the
  first-aider? e.g. Can you see anything inside
  the wound?.
• gt What advice would the operator give? e.g.
  Press on the wound and raise the arm above heart
  level.
• gt When the wound has been treated, the casualty
  goes into shock.
• gt What would the first-aider see and describe?
  What would the operator advise them to do?

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