Do now!

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Do now!
Can you complete the experiment sheet we did last
lesson?
Interesting scientist
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Last lesson

• Investigating the suitability of rocks for
  different purposes

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Which rock would make the best statue?
What did you decide?
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Todays lesson

• Three main rock types

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Three main rock types

• Igneous

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Three main rock types

• Sedimentary

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Three main rock types

• Metamorphic

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Igneous rocks

• From the latin ignis meaning fire

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Igneous rocks
Whats the difference?

• Formed by the cooling of lava or magma

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Igneous rocks

• Made from crystals

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Igneous rocks

• Quick cooling forms small crystals, slow cooling
  forms large crystals

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Igneous rocks

• Basalt is formed by quickly cooling lava

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Igneous rocks

• Pumice is formed from lava that contains a lot
  of gas. It can float!

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Igneous rocks

• Obsidian is like dark glass formed when molten
  silica cools quickly!

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Igneous rocks

• Granite is made from magma that cools slowly
  underground

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Sedimentary rocks
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Sedimentary rocks

• Sediments like sand and mud build up at the
  bottom of oceans and rivers

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Sedimentary rocks

• Over millions of years pressure from successive
  layers forms these into sedimentary rocks

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Sedimentary rocks

• Layers!

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Sedimentary rocks

• Animals and plants can be trapped in the
  sediments and can form fossils

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Sedimentary rocks

• Sandstone is made from sand grains stuck together

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Sedimentary rocks

• Limestone is made from the mineral calcite which
  came from the beds of evaporated seas and lakes
  and from sea animal shells.

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Sedimentary rocks

• Conglomerate rocks are made up of large
  sediments like pebbles. The sediment is cemented
  together with dissolved minerals.

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Sedimentary rocks

• Shale are formed from clay and mud that is
  compacted together by pressure.

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Metamorphic rocks
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Metamorphic rocks

• Metamorphic rocks are rocks that have "morphed"
  into another kind of rock.

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Metamorphic rocks

• These rocks were once igneous or sedimentary
  rocks. The rocks are under tons of pressure,
  which causes heat build up, and this causes them
  to change.

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Metamorphic rocks

• These often also contain thin layers and
  crystals but are much harder than sedimentary
  rocks

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Metamorphic rocks

• Marble is limestone that has been metamorphised

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Metamorphic rocks

• Slate is metamorphised shale

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Metamorphic rocks

• Anthracite coal

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Brain-map

• Mr Porter is now going to put these slides on a
  loop so you can brain map them!