The Mogul Empire

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The Mogul Empire
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Building Background

• As we have learned in 5th grade, the Gupta
  Dynasty unified N. India around 320 A.D.
• They brought about the Golden Age in India for
  200 yrs.
• A time of advancement in Arts and Sciences.
• And restored Hinduism as the primary religion of
  India.

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Invasions

• Towards the end of the Gupta reign, different
  groups of people began to invade India from 455
  early 1500s.
• The Huns and Muslims were some of the people that
  conquered India.

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Mogul Empire

• In 1526 Babur a leader from Central Asia took
  control of N. India.
• This marked the beginning of the Mogul Empire.
• Babur was a Muslim.
• During is 4 year rule he conquered much of N.
  India.

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Akbar

• Baburs grandson Akbar, became the greatest Mogul
  Emperor.
• He ruled from 1556-1605. During this time he
  brought most of India under his control.

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Akbars Rule

• He moved the capital city of India to Agra.
• In order to keep his empire unified Akbar tried
  to win the loyalty of non-Muslim subjects.

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Winning Loyalty of non-Muslims

• Reformed central government allowing non-Muslims
  to be government officials.
• Began a religious tolerance policy. (No
  discrimination)

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Winning Loyalty of non-Muslims

• Most unusual policy of Akbars was his tax
  collection.
• He ended the special tax on non-Muslims.
  Instead taxes applied to every member in the
  empire.
• This was not a common practice of rulers at the
  time.

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Under Akbars Rule

• The tolerance policy allowed Hindus and Muslims
  to work, live, and interact peacefully.
• The Mogul Empire came to be the richest and most
  powerful in the world.

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Akbars Grandson

• Shah Jahan, ruled from 1628 to 1658.
• He was responsible for constructing the greatest
  building in India. The Taj Mahal.
• He built this as a tomb to honor his wife.

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The Fall of the Mogul Empire

• Aurangzeb (or ANG seb) was Shah Jahans son, and
  was a much harsher ruler.
• He forced non-Muslims to pay a special tax.
• Destroyed many Hindu temples and forced them to
  convert to Islam.

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Harsh Rule No Good

• Aurangzeb policies were very unpopular and the
  people were not happy.
• Because of this people from all around the
  country began to rebel.
• And the Mogul Empire soon crumbled by the
  mid-1700s