Techniques for Interacting with Off-Screen Content

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Techniques for Interacting with Off-Screen Content

• Pourang Irani Carl Gutwin
• University of Manitoba University of
  Saskatchewan
• Grant Partridge Mahtab Nezhadasl
• University of Manitoba University of Manitoba

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Introduction
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2D navigation Time Multiplexing
Zooming
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2D navigation Space Multiplexing
OverviewDetail DragMag
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Proxy-based techniques
Bezerianos and Balakrishnan, 2005
Baudisch et al., 2003
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2D navigation Proxy

• Hop (Halo Proxies)

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Tasks

• Baudisch Rosenholtz 2003
• Position
• Closest
• Avoid
• Spatially Absolute
• Existence, Count, Location
• Spatially Relative
• Proximity to reference, Proximity b/w objects,
  Cluster

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Evaluation Conditions

• Navigation Techniques
• Zoom - two-level zoom
• DragMag
• Hop
• Tasks
• Absolute
• Relative

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Zooming
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DragMag
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Hop
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Results Completion Time
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Possible explanations strategy

• Number of operations about 1/5 with hop
• Zooming requires more trips
• not so good for absolute tasks
• but good for spatial information
• useful for relative tasks
• DragMag reduced the number of trips
• allows users to perform relative tasks with ease
• but added complexity of managing windows

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Possible explanations task-based

• Relative tasks
• Need orientation and comparisons b/w views
• Rely on VSTM
• Absolute tasks
• Require information about the objects
• Do not require spatial/orientation information

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WinHop (hop windows)
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WinHop
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WinHop
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WinHop
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WinHop
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WinHop
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WinHop (video)
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MultiscaleZoom
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MultiscaleZoom
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MultiscaleZoom (video)
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Absolute Location (winhop)
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Relative Cluster (msz)
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Results
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Limitations of Hybrid Techniques

• WinHop
• Many operations, significant learning curve
• MultiScale Zoom
• Clutter from proxies

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Main Findings

• Each task requires a different navigation
  strategy
• Proxy-based ideal for target-only info tasks
• Time/Space multiplexing ideal for target-target
  info
• Hybrids improve performance in both types of
  tasks
• Performance with Multiscale Zoom remained
  constant

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Conclusion

• Beneficial to investigate techniques on multiple
  tasks
• Ideal technique gives target and context
  information
• Hybrid techniques are reliably good
• Consider multiscale zoom for small displays
• Hybrids performance on other tasks