Livestock Terms and Breeds

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Livestock Terms and Breeds
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Beef Facts

• 9 month Gestation
• Castration, branding, vaccinations
• Range operations, common in NV
• Public land operations
• Cow calf, yearling, stockyards/feeder
• Ruminant multi chambered stomach
• Chew their cud
• Feed must have roughages and concentrates

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Beef
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Beef
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Angus

• Originated in Scotland
• Black
• Naturally Polled
• High Quality Carcass
• Early Maturity
• Good Maternally
• Certified Angus Beef

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Hereford

• Originated in Hereford, England
• Polled or horned
• Good temperament
• Red, White face, legs, underline
• Early Maturing
• Low milk production

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Shorthorn

• Originated in England
• Red, White, Roan
• Polled/Horned
• Dual purpose breed Good milk and meat production

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Charolais

• Originated in France
• White
• Long bodied, large cattle
• Heavy muscling
• Fast growth
• Horned/Polled
• Course looking

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Simmental

• Originated in Switzerland
• Oldest breed of cattle in the world
• Large, powerful
• Red, White, Yellow, Black, Brown
• Polled/Horned

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Gelbvieh

• Originated in Germany
• Golden, Brown
• Superior mothering and milking ability
• Work Oxen 4-5 year old Steers used for work
• Tend to be fleshy under the brisket

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Brahman

• Originated in India
• Able to survive on very poor, little feed
• Heat, insect Tolerant
• Excess skin and large hump
• White/grey in color

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Brangus

• Black
• Polled
• 3/8 Brahman
• 5/8 Angus
• Popular in arid regions (Texas, U.S. southwest)

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USDA Grading System

• Marbling- Amount of intramuscular fat
• Maturity- How old that animal was at harvest
• Grades
• - Prime
• -Choice
• -Select
• - Standard
• - Commercial
• - Utility

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Selection Methods

• Visual Appraisal What do they look like in
  general, first impression
• Body Structure Important anatomical
  characteristics
• Soundness of feet and legs abnormalities of the
  feet or legs that may cause problems
• Muscling and Muscle Structure
• Frame or Structure Size Do they have large
  bones, how tall, length of body

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Selection Methods Continued

• Breed Character What is that breed like in
  general?
• Temperament- How is their behavior or disposition
  
• Genetics- What are the ancestors like, bloodlines
• Reproductive Performance Has it produced?

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Soundness of Legs and Hooves