Unit 6

1
Unit 6Chapters 16 17

• The Civil War and Reconstruction
• CSS 11.1.4

2
A Second Waveof Secession
A house divided against itself cannot stand. I
believe this government cannot endure permanently
half-slave and half-free. I do not expect the
Union to be dissolved - I do not expect the house
to fall - but I do expect it will cease to be
divided. It will become all one thing or all the
other.--June 16, 1858 House Divided Speech

• Fort Sumter, 1861
• Border States

• First Republican President
• Bending the Constitution

I think to lose Kentucky is nearly the same as
to lose the whole game. Kentucky is gone, we
cannot hold Missouri, nor, I think, Maryland.
These all against us, and the job on our hands is
too large for us. We would as well consent to
separation at once, including the surrender of
this capital Washington.
Abraham Lincoln
3
Johnny Reb v. Billy Yank
North 22,000,000 North 22,000,000
Strengths wealth and industry 20 of army immigrants 200,000 blacks in army Lincoln inflation 80 Weaknesses must conquer South frequent changes in military leadership McClellan, Burnside, Hooker, Meade

• Funding the War
• Confederate Economy

South 9,000,000 (3,500,000) South 9,000,000 (3,500,000)
Strengths homecourt advantage military tradition Robert E. Lee rebel yell Weaknesses no foreign allies little industry few railroads over confidence confederacy inflation 9000
4
Raising an Army
A rich mans war but a poor mans fight

• North
• South

• Clara Barton
• United States Sanitary Commission
• Andersonville, GA

5
The International Picture

• Mexico
• Canada
• Cotton Diplomacy

• Trent Affair
• C.S.S. Alabama
• Laird Rams
• Union Blockade

6
Anaconda Plan

• 1.
• 2.
• 3.
• Battle of Bull Run, 1861

• Peninsula Campaign, 1861
• Antietam, MD, 1862
• Fredricksburg, 1863
• Chancellorsville, 1863

7
EmancipationProclamation, 1863
The principle asserted is not that a human being
cannot justly own another, but that he cannot own
him unless he is loyal to the United
States. British critic

• Emancipation Proclamation
• Fort Pillow, TN 1864

• Special Field Order 15, 1865
• contrabands
• Freedmens Bureau, 1865

8
The War in the West

• Ulysses S. Grant
• Adm. David Farragut
• Damn the torpedoes. Full speed ahead!
• Vicksburg, 1863

• William Quantrill
• Cherokee Confederates
• Western Territories

9
Election of 1864
1864
Dont swap horses in the middle of the river
233

• Peace Democrats (Copperheads)
• War Democrats (Andrew Johnson)
• Union Party, 1864

U Abraham Lincoln 2,206,938 212
D George McClellan 1,803,787 21

• Homestead Act, 1862
• Morrill Land Grant, 1862
• Legal Tender Act, 1862

10
Northern Victory1863-1865
War is hell

• Gettysburg
• William Tecumseh Sherman

• Wilderness Campaign, 1864-1865

11
AppomattoxCourthouse
The War is over the rebels are our countrymen
now. U.S. Grant, 1865

• Appomattox Courthouse, 1865
• Richmond, 1865
• Thirteenth Amendment, 1865

• Cost of the War
• 15 billion in damages
• 1,000,000 casualties or 1 in 30 US citizens
• 600,000 died in action
• Assassination

12
Lincoln v. Congressional Reconstruction

• Radical Republicans
• Andrew Johnson
• Johnsons Plan

• 10 Plan (Lincoln)
• Wade-Davis Bill, 1864 (Congress)

13
Forty Acres and a Mule
Though slavery was abolished, the wrongs of my
people were not ended. Though they were not
slaves, they were not yet quite free. No man can
be truly free whose liberty is dependent upon the
thought, feeling, and action of others, and who
has himself no means in his own hands for
guarding, protecting, defending, and maintaining
that liberty. Frederick Douglas, 1882

• Freedmen
• Black Reconstruction
• Sharecropping

• Black Codes
• Jim Crow Laws

14
Radical Reconstruction

• Tenure of Office Act, 1867
• Impeachment Vote

• Radical Reconstruction
• Northerners asked who really won the war?
• Swing around the Circle, 1866

15
Fourteenth Amendment

• Civil Rights Act, 1866
• Fourteenth Amendment, 1868
• citizenship but not suffrage to blacks
• reduced House seats in any state that denied
  voting rights to blacks
• barred confederate officers from holding federal
  offices
• guarantied Union debt but denied confederate debt
• States cannot deny rights of US citizen

• Slaughterhouse cases, 1873
• Fifteenth Amendment, 1870
• Civil Rights Act, 1875

16
Election of 1868
Vote how you shot.

• Election of 1868
• William Boss Tweed
• Thomas Nast

1868
294
R Ulysses S. Grant 3,596,745 214
D Horatio Seymour 2,706,829 80

• Pacific Railway Act, 1862
• American Women Suffrage Association
• National Woman Suffrage Association

17
Military Reconstruction

• Reconstruction Act, 1867
• Radical Regimes
• Redeemer Governments

• Union League
• Ku Klux Klan, 1866
• Ku Klux Klan Act, 1970

18
Election of 1872
1872

• Crédit Mobilier scandal, 1872
• Depression of 1873
• Whiskey Ring, 1875

352
R Ulysses S. Grant 3,596,745 286
DLR Horace Greeley 2,843,446 66

• Radical Republicans
• Liberal Republicans

19
Compromise of 1877
1876
369

• Election of 1876
• Electoral Commission, 1876
• Compromise of 1877

R Rutherford B. Hayes 4,036,572 185
D Samuel J. Tilden 4,284,020 184

• Chinese Exclusion Act, 1882
• Reconstructions Legacy