WHMIS

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WHMIS
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Purpose of WHMIS

• Workplace Hazardous Materials Information System
• Provides Information on Hazardous Materials used
  in Workplace
• Facilitates the Process of Hazard Identification
• Ensures Consistency of Information in all
  Canadian Workplaces

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Federal Legislation
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Ontario Legislation
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Responsibilities Under WHMIS

• Duties of the Supplier
• Classify Product
• Apply Supplier Label
• Provide Material Safety Data Sheet

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Responsibilities Under WHMIS

• Duties of the Employer
• Conduct Workplace Inventory
• Ensure Proper Labeling is Used
• Label Piping Systems/Vessels/Reactors
• Maintain and Make Available MSDSs
• Train Workers

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Responsibilities Under WHMIS

• Duties of a Worker
• Participate in Training
• Apply Knowledge and Training

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Exclusions Under WHMIS

• The Explosives Act
• The Food and Drug Act
• The Pest Control Products Act
• The Atomic Energy Control Act
• Hazardous Wastes
• Consumer Products/Tobacco/Manufactured Articles

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Right to Know

• Workers have Access to Information through their
  Employer
• Public has Access to Information through Local
  Medical Officer of Health

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Trade Secret Protection

• Hazardous Materials Information Review Commission
• Tripartite

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Trade Secret Protection

• Criteria
• Information Known Outside Business
• Information Known Inside Business
• Measures Taken to Guard Secrecy
• Value of Information to Firm or Competition
• Financial Expenditures

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Information Delivery

• Labels
• Supplier Label
• Workplace Label
• Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDS)
• Worker Education

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WHMIS Hazard Classifications
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Class A

• Compressed Gas
• Any Hazardous Material that is contained under
  pressure including compressed gas, dissolved gas,
  or liquefied gas

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Compressed Gas Cylinders

• store and transport with safety cap
• comply with storage restrictions
• DO NOT store fuel gas with oxygen
• secure in an upright position
• use in a well ventilated area
• use the proper type of regulator and know its
  history

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Class B

• Flammable and Combustible Material
• Flammable Gases
• Flammable and Combustible Liquids
• Flammable Solids
• Flammable Aerosols
• Reactive Flammable Material

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Flammable Materials

• Methanol, Toluene, Butane, Ethanol
• Store liquids in Flammable Storage Cabinet
• Store minimum quantities in lab
• Explosion-proof fixtures required
• Decant in large quantities in fume hood
• NEVER store with oxidizers
• Keep away from heat, ignition sources, and direct
  sunlight
• Use static lines when transferring
• Refrigerator must meet NFPA Standard 56C (
  Flammable Material Storage Units)

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Class C

• Oxidizing Material
• Any Hazardous Material which causes or
  contributes to the combustion of another material
  by giving oxygen or some other oxidizing
  substance, whether or not it is combustible.
• Organic Peroxides

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Oxidizers

• Chlorates, Nitric Acid, Peroxides, Permanganates,
  Perchlorates, Nitrites, Nitrates
• Easily oxidize metal powders, organic materials
• Keep minimum quantities in lab
• Segregate from other materials, such as organic
  solvents
• Use a glass-heating mantle or sand bath to heat
  material
• PPE and/or Explosion barriers may be require

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Perchloric Acid

• Perchlorate salts are explosive
• Use a perchloric acid fume hood
• Wash down fume hood after use
• Never store with organic chemicals especially
  alcohols and glycerol
• Store in a ceramic tray

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Organic Peroxides

• Some are very unstable
• Sensitive to heat, friction, impact, sparks,
  light
• Use minimum quantities in lab
• NEVER replace unused peroxides into original
  container
• NEVER use a metal spatula to handle peroxides
• Refrigerate to minimize decomposition

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Peroxide Formers

• Have caused several severe laboratory explosions
• Contributing Factors Oxygen, Light, Storage Time
• Visual Identifiers Crystals, Floating wisp-like
  structures
• Date and Dispose of within 1 year

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Common Chemicals forming Peroxides

• Diethyl ether
• Tetrahydrofuran
• Dioxane
• Methyl isobutyl ketone

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Class D1

• Poisonous Infectious Materials
• Material causing immediate and serious toxic
  effects
• Materials which are potentially fatal or may
  cause permanent damage if inhaled, swallowed, or
  absorbed through the skin, or may burn the skin
  or eyes upon contact

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Class D2

• Poisonous Infectious Materials
• Material causing other chronic or long term
  effects
• Material which may cause dealth or permanent
  damage as a result of repeated exposure over an
  extended period of time may be an irritant to
  the skin, eyes, or respiratory system may cause
  cancer, birth defects, or sterility.

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Class D3

• Poisonous Infectious Materials
• Biohazardous and Infectious Materials
• Materials which may cause disease in humans and
  animals, such as viruses, bacteria, and fungi
  may also include cultures and diagnostic
  specimens such as blood, urine, and body tissue.

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Class E

• Corrosive Material
• Material which may corrode aluminum and steel or
  human flesh
• Material which are anhydrous corrosive gases

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Inorganic Acids

• Sulfuric Acid, Nitric Acid, Perchloric Acid,
  Hydrochloric Acid
• Segregate from bases and organic compounds
• Store in a ventilated acid cabinet
• Know the location of eye washes and safety
  showers
• Use a safety carriers
• Store on lower shelves

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Bases

• Sodium hydroxide, Ammonium hydroxide
• Segregate from acids and organic compounds
• Store in a ventilated cabinet
• Know the location of eye washes and safety
  showers
• Use a safety carrier
• Store on lower shelves

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Hydrogen fluoride

• Is extremely corrosive
• Dissolves glass
• Absence of immediate pain, penetration can be
  extensive, leading to serious injury or death
• Causes severe eye irritation and skin burns

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Class F

• Dangerously Reactive Material
• Materials which undergo vigorous polymerization,
  decomposition, or condensation
• Materials which become self-reactive under
  conditions of shock, or increased temperature or
  pressure
• Materials which react vigorously with water to
  produce a very toxic gas

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Ethylene Oxide

• Used as a Sterilant at hospital
• Extremely flammable
• Supplies its own oxygen/Chemically decomposes
• Highly Reactive
• Very Corrosive
• Human Carcinogen

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Water Reactive Materials

• Sodium metal, acid and metal anhydrides, calcium,
  phosphorous pentachloride, aluminum
  chloride-anhydrous
• Special storage requirements

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Pyrophoric Materials

• Air reactive
• White phosphorus, diborane, diethyl aluminum
  chloride, lithium
• Store under an inert atmosphere such as nitrogen

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Cryogenic Materials

• Liquid Nitrogen
• Never use to cool substances which are
  combustible in air - explosion risk from
  condensation of oxygen from air
• Use insulated gloves and face shield
• Keep cryogenic substances in containers which are
  not tightly closed to prevent explosive pressure
  build-up
• Use only equipment designed for cryogenic
  materials

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General Dry Chemicals

• Relatively innocuous or unreactive
• No special storage requirements

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Chemical Compatibility

• Never store incompatible materials together
• Vapours will react
• Chemical Compatibility Chart

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WHMIS Labels
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Supplier Label

• Product Identifier
• Hazard Symbols
• Border
• Bilingual
• Risk Phrases and Precautions
• First Aid, Supplier Information
• Precautions
• Safe Handling Precautions
• Reference to MSDS

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Laboratory Labels

• No Supplier Label Required
• If Controlled Product
• originates from lab supply house
• intended solely for lab use
• package quantity is less than 10 kgs
• If Package Label contains
• product identifier
• statement indicating MSDS available
• risk phrases/precautionary measures
• first aid measures

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Laboratory Samples

• No Supplier Label Required
• If the Controlled Product
• container is less than 10 kgs
• intended for lab analysis
• If supplier provides a label containing
• product and/or chemical identifier
• supplier identifier
• statement Hazardous Laboratory Sample for hazard
  information or in an emergency call plus
  emergency phone number

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Workplace Label

• Product Identifier
• Safe Handling Precautions
• Reference to MSDS

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Workplace Label Uses

• Transfer of material from a Supplier Labelled
  container to another container
• Replacement of a damaged Supplier Label

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NFPA Hazard Classifications
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Laboratory Samples

• No Supplier or Workplace Label Required
• If controlled product is
• produced in workplace
• originates from lab supply house
• intended solely for lab use
• product and/or chemical identifier
• Hazardous Laboratory Sample statement which
  includes an emergency phone number

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MSDS Contents

• Hazardous Ingredients
• Preparation Information
• Fire Explosion Hazard
• Toxicological Properties
• First Aid Measures

• Product Information
• Physical Data
• Reactivity Data
• Preventative Measures

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Hazardous Ingredients

• Chemical Identity
• CAS Number
• LD50 Species and Route
• LC50 Species and Route

• Concentration
• PIN Number

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Product Information

• Product Identifier
• Manufacturers/Suppliers Name and Address
• Emergency Telephone Number
• Product Use

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Preparation Information

• Prepared by (Group, Department, etc.)
• Phone Number
• Date of Preparation

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Physical Data

• Odor Threshold
• Vapor Pressure
• Coefficient of Water/Oil Distribution
• Boiling Point (oC) and Freezing Point (oC)
• Evaporation Rate (Butyl Acetate1)

• Physical State
• Odor Appearance
• Specific Gravity (Water1)
• Vapor Density (Air1)
• pH
• Percent Volatile (by volume)

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Fire Explosion Hazard

• Conditions of Flammability
• Means of Extinction
• Sensitivity to Mechanical Impact
• Sensitivity to Static Discharge
• Flashpoint (oC) and Method
• Upper and Lower Flammable Limits ()
• Auto ignition Temperature (oC)
• Hazardous Combustion Products

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Class A Fires

• Are fires fueled by materials that, when they
  burn, leave a residue in the form of ash
• Paper, wood, cloth, rubber, and certain plastics
• Extinguisher type Water, Dry Chemical

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Class B Fires

• Fires which involve flammable liquids and gases
• Gasoline, paint thinner, grease, propane,
  acetylene
• Extinguisher type Carbon Dioxide, Dry Chemical

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Class C Fires

• Fires that involve energized electrical wiring or
  equipment (motors, computers, electrical panels).
  Note once the power has been cut, a Class CF
  fire becomes one of the other classes
• Extinguisher type Carbon Dioxide, Dry Chemical

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Class D Fires

• Class D fires involve exotic metals, such as
  magnesium, sodium, titanium, and certain
  organometallic compounds such as alkyllithium and
  Grignard reagents

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Reactivity Data

• Stability
• Incompatible Materials
• Conditions of Reactivity
• Hazardous Decomposition Products

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Toxicological Properties

• Irritancy to Product
• Effects of Acute Exposure
• Evidence of Carcinogenicity, Reproductive
  Toxicity, Teratogenicity or Mutagenicity

• Routes of Entry
• Exposure Limits
• Synergistic Products
• Sensitivity to Product
• Effects of Chronic Exposure

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Preventative Measures

• Personal Protective Equipment
• Engineering Controls
• Spill and Leak Procedures
• Waste Disposal
• Handling Procedures and Equipment
• Storage Requirements
• Special Shipping Information

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When a Spill Strikes

• 1) Assess the risk
• Minor Spill, handled by personnel within lab or
  department
• Major Spill, isolate area, Declare a Code Brown,
  HAZMAT Team required
• Provide HAZMAT Team with MSDS for spilled
  material, quantity spilled

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When a Spill Strikes

• 2) Select personal protective equipment
• consult MSDS and other literature sources
• 3) Confine the spill
• Speed Counts
• Limit the spill area by blocking, diverting, or
  confining spill
• Use absorbents, tiger tails, drain plugs, dikes

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When a Spill Strikes

• 4) Stop the Source
• 5) Evaluate the Incident Implement Clean-up
• Used absorbents should be considered hazardous
  waste

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When a Spill Strikes

• 6) Decontaminate
• Decontaminate site, personnel, equipment by
  removing or neutralizing the hazardous materials
• 7) Complete Incident Report

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First Aid Measures

• Inhalation
• Eye Contact

• Ingestion
• Skin Contact

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Additional Information

• MSDSs Must be Readily Available
• 3 Year Expiry Date
• New Information becomes Available

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MSDS Standardization

• International Organization for Standardization
  (ISO)
• American National Standards Institute (ANSI)
• International Labor Organization (ILO)
• European Union (EU)

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Canadian Acceptance Conditions

• Meets CPR Information Requirements
• Includes Statement This product has been
  classified according to the hazard criteria of
  the CPR and the MSDS contains all the information
  required by the CPR.

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WHMIS II

• Proposed Modifications and/or Changes to Current
  WHMIS laws
• Exempt categories may be required to follow
  labeling and MSDS requirements, such as Consumer
  Products, Explosives, and Pest Control Products
• No official changes to WHMIS laws have occurred

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Worker Education

• Generic
• Site Specific
• Annual Review

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Occupational Hygiene
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Routes of Entry

• Inhalation
• Skin Absorption
• Injection
• Ingestion

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Physical Forms

• Dust
• Mist
• Fume
• Vapor
• Gas

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Action of Toxins

• Acute Effects
• Chronic Effects
• Latency Period of Disease
• Sensitizers

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Dose-Response Relationship

• Effect is Directly Related to Dose
• No Effect Level

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Basis for Exposure Standards

• Chemical Analogy
• Animal Experimentation
• Human Epidemiological Data

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Occupational Exposure Standards

• Guidelines
• ACGIH, Occupational Health and Safety Act
• Threshold Limit Value (TLV)
• Short-term Exposure Limit (STEL)
• Ceiling

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Methods of Control

• Engineering Controls
• Administrative Controls
• Personal Protective Equipment

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Engineering Controls

• Elimination
• Substitution
• Local Exhaust Ventilation
• General Ventilation
• Isolation
• Preventative Maintenance

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Personal Protective Equipment

• Respirators, Gloves, Eye Protection, etc.
• The Human Factor
• Training Essential

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Emergency Planning

• Moral Reasons - Good Corporate Citizen
• Legal Reasons - Legislation/Court Action
• Economic Reasons -

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Objectives

• Prevent Death Injury
• Reduce Damage to Plant and Equipment
• Get Back to Business ASAP

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Emergency Planning

• Analysis
• Procedures
• Evacuation Plan
• First Aid Treatment
• Exercises and Drills

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Inventory

• Annual Update and Review Required
• Feb 1st Compliance Date

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Duties and Responsibilities

• Departmental Supervisor and/or Manager
• Responsible for WHMIS System within Department
• Provide Departmental WHMIS Trainer
• Facilitate Training
• Ensure Departmental Trainer fulfils their duties

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Duties and Responsibilities

• Departmental WHMIS Trainer
• Departmental Inventory
• Departmental WHMIS Training
• Training Records
• Ensure proper labeling is used
• Maintain Departmental WHMIS Manual

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Duties and Responsibilities

• Campus Safety Officer
• Riverside/Civic Campuses
• Murray Hyatt, 798-5555 x3336
• General Campus
• Paul A. Cyr, 737-8415
• WHMIS Train-the-Trainer
• WHMIS Manual

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Duties and Responsibilities

• WHMIS Clerk, Civic Campus
• Jeff Watkin, ext. 3955
• Material Safety Data Sheets
• Hospital WHMIS Inventory

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Duties and Responsibilities

• JHSC
• Annual Review of WHMIS System