Earthquakes and Volcanoes

1
Earthquakes and Volcanoes

• Chapter 8 Section 1, pp. 224 - 229
• Chapter 9 Section 3, pp. 260 - 265
• Standard The relationship between movement of
  the tectonic plates and major geologic events,
  such earthquakes and volcanoes

2
Warm Up

• Explain the 3 types of faults.

3
EQ What causes earthquakes?

• Seismology
• Fault
• Deformation
• Elastic Rebound

• Study of earthquakes
• Break in the Earths crust along which blocks of
  crust slide
• Change in shape of a rock due to stress
• Sudden return of a broken, deformed rock
• Energy released as seismic waves

4
EQ What are the 3 kinds of faults?

• Strike-Slip Fault
• Reverse Fault

• Transform motion of boundary
• 2 Plates slip past each other horizontally
• Convergent motion of boundary
• Blocks push together, against each other

5

• Normal Fault
• NOTE

• Divergent motion of boundary
• Blocks pull away from each other
• Not all faults are located at plate boundaries
• Faults can happen along faults in the middle of a
  plate

6
EQ How do earthquake waves travel?

• Seismic waves
• P Waves

• A wave of energy that travels through the Earth
  away from an earthquake in all directions
• A seismic wave that causes particles of rock to
  move in a back and forth motion.

7
Waves Continued

• S Waves
• Body Waves
• Surface Waves

• A seismic wave that causes particles of rock to
  move in a side to side direction.
• Travel through Earths interior
• Travel along Earths surface

8
EQ How are earthquakes measured?

• Seismograph
• Seismogram
• Epicenter
• Focus

• Instrument that records seismic waves
• A tracing of earthquake motion that is created by
  a seismograph
• The point on Earths surface directly above an
  earthquakes starting point
• The starting point along a fault

9

• Richter Magnitude Scale

• Measure the strength of an earthquake on a 0 to
  10 scale.
• Measure ground motion or magnitude (strength)
• For each 1 unit of magnitude , ground motion
  increases 10 times

10

• Intensity of an Earthquake

• A measure of the degree to which an earthquake is
  felt by people and the amount of damage caused.

11
Summary

• What do you think is the reason Georgia does not
  have many earthquakes?

12
Ticket out the Door

• Which wave is most damaging? Explain and support
  your answer.