Cell Parts

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Cell Parts
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Nucleus
1. Chromosomes
- Genetic material

• Controls how, when, and which proteins
• will be made

- Transmits hereditary information
2. Nucleolus
- dense area in nucleus, site of ribosome
production
3. Nuclear envelope / membrane
- surrounds nucleus
- contains nuclear pores
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Cytoplasm
1. Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER)
Internal transport system
Packages proteins for transport
Cells that make more proteins have more ER
Rough ER ribosomes attached
Smooth ER no ribosomes
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2. Ribosomes

• Site of protein synthesis

• Free ribosomes make proteins for use in the
  cell

Bound ribosomes
attached to ER
makes proteins for use outside of the cell
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3. Golgi Bodies / apparatus / complex
- Storage and packaging of chemicals
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4. Mitochondria

• site of cellular respiration - provides energy
• for the cell

• reproduce themselves in cell

• contain DNA and ribosomes

• cell using more energy contain more mitochondria

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5. Vacuoles
- Storage structures for water, food, waste
- Outside membrane regulates passage
- Plant Vacuole - large central structure,
maintains plant shape
- contractile vacuole functions in removing
excess water from the cell
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6. Lysosomes

• packages of enzymes for defense,
• digestion, and self destruction

- formed by golgi bodies
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7. Vesicle
- Organelle that functions in transporting
material into, out of, and around inside the cell
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8. Plastids
Found mainly in plants
Contain food or pigments
Three types
Leucoplasts store food (colorless)
Chromoplasts contain orange and yellow pigments
Chloroplasts contain green pigment
(Chlorophyll) site of photosynthesis
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Cell Wall
Made of cellulose is produced by the cell for
protection and strength is located immediately
next to the outer surface of the cell membrane of
plants and some bacteria
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Cell Membrane
Fluid Mosaic Construction
parts are not rigidly held in place
Consists of
Phospholipid bilayer
Polar surfaces / non-polar interior
Proteins
Receptor communication
Marker name tag
Channel movement of materials
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