Trashket Ball

1
Trashket Ball

• Teams based on rows (adjustments will be made as
  needed)
• ALL teams w/ correct answer get to shoot
• You decide how many points to go for 1, 2, 3, or
  5

2
It is believed that the Earth was formed how long
ago?
3
Around 4.6 billion years ago (but remember some
sources differ slightly)
4
Chose which came 1st and list 2 unique
characteristics of this type of
cell. Eukaryotes Prokaryotes
5

• PROKARYOTES
• No membrane-bound nucleus
• Smaller in size
• Cell wall is present
• Unicellular
• Absence of internal membrane-bound organelles

6
What is a sequence of 3 tRNA bases that bind with
a codon during translation called?
7

• An anti-codon
• Remember
• Codons are found on mRNA
• Anti-codon and is found on
• t-RNA

8
What is a common ancestor?
9
The most recent ancestral form or species from
which two different species evolved
10
If the half-life of a radioactive isotope is
2,500 years and you started out with a 40g
sample, how much of the radioactive isotope would
remain in 7,500 years?
11
3 half lives, so After 1(2,500yrs) ? 20g After 2
(5,000yrs) ? 10g After 3 (7,500yrs) ? 5g
Radioactive Isotope Stable Isotope
12
Are the structures below analogous, homologous,
or vestigial?
13
Homologous Structures derived from a common
ancestor or same evolutionary or developmental
origin
14
List 2 vocabulary words that you could use to
describe an following organism with the following
alleles Hh
15
Must have 2 of 3

• Carrier
• Heterozygous
• Hybrid

16
Brown eyes (B) are dominant to blue (b). What
percentage of children from a blue-eyed male and
a heterozygous brown-eyed female would you expect
to have blue eyes?
17
b b
B Bb Bb
b bb bb
50
18
The picture blow represents which type of
inheritance pattern?
19
Incomplete dominance Neither allele is dominant
to the other, the heterozygote is a mix between
the two alleles
RR
RR
RR
20
What kind of mutation happened from the original
strand of DNA to the copied strand? Original ATC
GCC TTA CGA Copied ATC CCC TTA CGA
21
Point Mutation ATC GCC TTA CGA ATC CCC TTA CGA
22

• What sex chromosomes do
• Males have?
• Females have?

23

• What sex chromosomes do
• Males have? XY
• Females have? XX

24

• What do the following things represent in a
  pedigree
• Square that is filled in
• Circle that is left open

25

• Square male w/ the trait
• 2. Circle female w/o the trait

26
Which term best describes the genotype of
individual II-4 homozygous dominant heterozygous
homozygous recessive
27
Homozygous recessive 1st generation does not
express the trait while offspring does
28

• What is the enzyme that breaks the hydrogen bonds
  between nitrogenous bases in DNA before
  replication? (Unzips the DNA)

29

• Helicase
• Remember enzymes usually end in ase
• Helic sounds like helix it is separating
  the double helix

30
Which term best describes the genotype of
individual III-10 homozygous dominant heterozygou
s homozygous recessive
31
Heterozygous II-7 is homozygous recessive and
HAS to pass on a recessive allele to her
offspring. III-10 doesnt express the trait, so
she must have 1 copy of the dominant trait.
32
Transcribe the following DNA sequence into
RNA AATGGACTC
33
AATGGACTC UUACCUGAG
34
Where does translation occur in a cell?
35
At the ribosome.
36
The picture blow represents which type of
inheritance pattern?
37
Codominance The alleles are like co captains -
both are distinctly present in the heterozygote
CWCW
CRCR
RWRW
CWCR
38
Where does DNA replication occur in a cell?
39
In the nucleus.
40
Where does transcription occur in a cell?
41
In the nucleus.
42
Which DNA strand is constructed incorrectly?
Strand 1 AT AT GC CG TA Strand 2 TA CG AT GC TA Strand 3 TA GG AT CG AT
43
Strand 3 G has to pair with C
Strand 1 AT AT GC CG TA Strand 2 TA CG AT GC TA Strand 3 TA GG AT CG AT
44
What is the expected genotypic ratio of the
offspring for the individuals below RrBb x rrBB
45
1111 for all listed in Punnett square
rB
RB RrBB
Rb RrBb
rB rrBB
rb rrBb
46
Make a T-chart to show 3 differences between DNA
and RNA
DNA
RNA
47
DNA RNA

• Double stranded
• A pairs with T
• Sugar is deoxyribose

• Single stranded
• A pairs with U
• Sugar is ribose

48
In what process is DNA copied?
49
Replication Semi-conservative 1 strand from
original copy (blue) w/ 1 new strand (orange)
50
At the end of Meiosis I are cells diploid or
haploid?
51
Haploid They no longer have copies from both mom
and dad for each chromosome. If they were
diploid, they would have one copy from each
parent.
52
Draw a picture showing the cell below in Anaphase
I of meiosis
53
(No Transcript)
54
What pairs up and then separates during A.
Meiosis I B. Meiosis II (yes you must get both
correct)
55

1. Homologous chromosomes
2. Sister chromatids

56
The separation of genetic material is most
similar to Mitosis in which of the following? A.
Meiosis I B. Meiosis II
57
Meiosis II
58
Which of the following undergoes
evolution? Populations Individual
organisms Species Communities
59
Which of the following undergoes
evolution? Populations Individual
organisms Species Communities
60
What is the mechanism (driving force) by which
evolution occurs?
61
Natural selection is the process that drives
evolutionary change Survive?Reproduce?Pass It On
62
Give 1 example of spontaneous generation that we
learned about in class
63

• Mice coming from grain
• Maggots coming from rotting meat
• Bacteria and germs from mid air

64
What is 1 biological reason why an individual
organism may be able to outcompete others for
resources?
65

• Many answers possible
• Beneficial genetic mutation
• Environmental change (climactic/geologic)
• Plague or other disease affects population

66
What is the mutation that is most detrimental
(harmful) to the function of a protein if it
appears early in the coding region for a gene?
WHY?
67
Best answers will be one of the following

• Nonesense mutation type of point mutation that
  creates a STOP codon early and protein
  synthesis stops.
• Frameshift mutation not in a group of 3 bases
  changes reading frames from that point onward and
  thus the order of amino acids in the protein
• caused by deletions and insertions

68
What is the purpose of the following cellular
processes A.) Mitosis B.) Meiosis
69
A.) Mitosis process by which the nucleus of a
cell divides to create two new nuclei, each
containing an identical copy of DNA (make more
cells) B.) Meiosis process by which sex cells
are created
70
Order the following from smallest to
largest Chromosome, cell, DNA, nucleus,
nucleotide
71
Smallest ?Nucleotide DNA
Chromosome
Nucleus Largest ? Cell
72
There were 2 adaptations of the primate eye that
were discussed in lecture. What are they and why
are they significant?
73
Binocular vision Better depth perception Color
vision Easier to spot ripe fruit
74
You are introducing Louis Pasteur and Gregor
Mendel at a party. What would you say about each
to highlight their accomplishments?
75
Mendel Father of genetics, crossed pea plants,
laws of segregation and independent
assortment Pasteur Disproved theory of
spontaneous generation through experiments with
broth and airborne microbes, germ theory of
disease
76

• A milk snake evolving to look like a poisonous
  coral snake is an example of?

ANSWER mimicry
77

• What is the name we give a structure that an
  organism no longer uses, but they have it because
  their ancestors used it?

Answer vestigial structures