PROTISTS

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(Above lines on paper) Protista Fungi
Characteristics (11 lines)
Types (5 lines)
Classified by (3 lines)
Benefits (7 lines)
Harmful Effects (7 lines)
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Kingdom ProtistaProtists

• I. Characteristics
• All are eukaryotic
• Most are unicellular /some are multicellular
• Asexual or sexual reproduction
• Autotrophic or heterotrophic
• Can be grouped into 3 general categories by the
  way they obtain nutrition

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Draw this in the TYPES column
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Animal like Protists Protozoans

• A. Heterotrophs-do not make their own food
• B. Classified by means of movement

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False feet pseudopods
Animal like Protists Protozoans

• C. Projections of their cytoplasm (false feet)
• Most harmless, but some cause dysentery

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amoeba-can cause amoebic dysentery
Animal like Protists Protozoans
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Lime skeleton formed the white cliffs of Dover
Animal like Protists Protozoans

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Animal like Protists Protozoans

• D. Move by flagella (whip-like tail)
• Beneficial example -
  
  Trichonympha live in gut of termites-help
  termite digest wood

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Parasitic
Animal like Protists Protozoans

• a. Trichomonas-
• causes STD venereal disease

b. Giardia-freshwater, causes dysentery
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Trypanosoma-African sleeping sickness-carried by
tsetse fly
Animal like Protists Protozoans
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PARAMECIUMmove by cilia
Animal like Protists Protozoans
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Paramecium
Animal like Protists Protozoans
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E. Sessile
Animal like Protists Protozoans

• 1. Do not move on their own (sessile)
• 2. All are parasitic-carried by an insect (insect
  is the vector)
• 3.Example-Plasmodium in saliva glands of
  mosquito, causes Malaria

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MALARIA
Animal like Protists Protozoans
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Animal like Protists Protozoans
MALARIA
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• Animal - like Protist Videos
• https//www.youtube.com/watch?vaWItglvTiLc
• http//youtu.be/7pR7TNzJ_pA
• http//youtu.be/StqUDFDtye4

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Plant-like protists

• A. Autotrophs-photosynthetic-make their own food
• B. Classified by
• Color
• Photosynthetic pigments
• Whether they are unicellular or multicellular

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C. Unicellular Algae
Plant-like protists
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golden algae
Plant-like protists

• a. Cell walls of silica
• b. Example- Diatoms
• Benefits - Cleaners, toothpaste, filters
  (diatomaceous earth)
• Makes up phytoplankton
• Direct and indirect food source for ocean animals
• Produce large amount of oxygen (50-70)
• Source of offshore oil deposits
• Autotrophic-bottom of the food chain

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Diatoms
Plant-like protists
https//www.youtube.com/watch?v0z-zBy3UQQE
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Dinoflagellata
Plant-like protists

• Phytoplankton
• 2 flagella

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D. Bioluminescent-produce light
Plant-like protists
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Plant-like protists

• red tide a bloom that forms toxins
• bloom enormous growth
• Depletes water of nutrients
• Decomposes dead cells removing oxygen from water
• Fish and other organisms die

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RED TIDE
Plant-like protists
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EuglenaUsed in sewage treatment plantsCan
cause blooms in pond water
Plant-like protists
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E. Algae-
Plant-like protists

• autotroph-contain chlorophyll and accessory
  pigments that can give color
• Classified by color

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Green Algae
Plant-like protists

• evolved into 1st land plants
• Examples
• unicellular-Chlamydomonas

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Plant-like protists

• Volvox-colonial

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spirogyra
Plant-like protists
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Red Algae
Plant-like protists

• Benefits - Used to thicken
• soup, pudding, frosting.
• Thickener is carageenan

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Plant-like protists
Benefits - Used to make nori (sushi wrap)
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Brown algae
Plant-like protists

• Kelp largest brown seaweed
• - used to thicken ice cream

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d. Sargassum makes up the Sargasso Sea
Plant-like protists
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Fungus-like protistsSlime and Water Molds

• A. Decompose matter in soil

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Water molds
Fungus-like protists

• Caused
• Great Potato Famine

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Slime Molds
Fungus-like protists

• https//www.youtube.com/watch?vvmp1uopZKz8
• http//www.scientificamerican.com/article.cfm?idb
  rainless-slime-molds
• https//www.youtube.com/watch?vczk4xgdhdY4
• https//www.youtube.com/watch?v75k8sqh5tfQ
• https//www.youtube.com/watch?vCIEggUBoivY

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KINGDOM FUNGI
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I. Characteristics

• Eukaryotic,
• Heterotrophic,
• Cell walls made of chitin
• B. Decomposers, some are parasitic
• C. Classified by their fruiting body how they
  produce spores

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Fruiting Bodies
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Hyphae basic structural unit
Mycelium mass of tangled hyphae
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Bread Mold used in cortisone production
Mycelium mass of tangled hyphae
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• Yeasts used in baking and brewing (unicellular)
  
• fermentation product CO2
• Remember balloon lab in the fall

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Truffles - edible
Morel - edible
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• Bracket Fungi

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Mushrooms-some are food
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Rusts/Smuts-- destroy cereal crops
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Amanita Deathcapvery poisonous
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Puffballs
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• Benefits -
• Penicillium makes antibiotic
• gives bleu cheese the blue veins

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-makes citric acid and soy sauce -used to
produce cyclosporin (anti-rejection drug for
transplant patients)

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Harmful Effects Responsible for athletes
foot, ringworm, jock itch, thrush
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VI. Symbiotic Relationshipclose association of 2
organisms

• Lichen algae (makes food) fungus (traps
  moisture)
• used to detect air pollution
• B. Mycorrhizae
• plant roots (feeds fungus)
• fungus (gives water and minerals)

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Decomposition

• https//www.youtube.com/watch?v8uHxRwQqWFo
• https//www.youtube.com/watch?v3AZKixtQz_Q
• https//www.youtube.com/watch?vQ36_8s5z6S8

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What to know about protists and fungi

• General characteristics
• Examples
• How they are classified
• Benefits
• Harmful effects