Renaissance

1
Renaissance

• 1300-1600
• Causes?
• Plague/Constant War and lack of enjoyment of
  life.
• Decline of Churchs political influence
• Move to urban areas

2
Characteristics

• Rebirth of classical societies in Italy
• Urban and secular
• Humanism, the potential of human beings

3
Italy and Urban Growth

• Italy unaffected by Hundred Years War
• Large independent/merchant city-states in N.
  Italy bc of Crusades
• Urban, ideas spread
• Interest in Roman and Greek history/accomplishment
  s

4
(No Transcript)
5
Italian City States

• Milan, Venice and Florence were the most
  influential because of what?
• Why was their location critical to their success?
  

6
Review

• The Renaissance was characterized by
• Urban/Secular
• Recovery from 1300s
• Humanism

7
Florence

• Cultural center of Renaissance
• The Medici ruled and were patrons of the arts.
• Political power was a newfound pastime in Italy

8
(No Transcript)
9
Italian Wars 1494-1530s

• Wealth eventually led to war between Italians,
  Spanish, and French for control of trade.
• Led to spread of Renaissance ideas northwards.

10
Machiavelli

• Wrote The Prince which discussed new political
  dealings.
• For the sake of society the Prince must make
  hard, amoral decisions. Lack of Church influence.
• Huge influence on following leaders and set tone
  for new nobility
• Increased power, military obligations, become
  LEARNED

11
Classical Values

• How is this different than the MAs?
• Humanism-human achievements/potential
• Education in which areas?
• History, philosophy, grammar, math, etc.
• Liberal Studies allowed people to reach full
  intellectual/human potential. Virtue and Wisdom
• Use of vernacular- Canterbury Tales by Chaucer
  was 1st example.

12
Art in the Renaissance

• Looked to capture human potential (realism)
• Two areas of concentration Perspective/light,
  and anatomy. Why such attention to detail?
• New Religious (Contemporary)
• Ex fresco by Masaccio

13
Middle Ages Examples
14
Perspective

• Rediscovered the technique (3D)
• Parallel lines stretch to a point on the horizon
  where they meet.

15
(No Transcript)
16
(No Transcript)
17
(No Transcript)
18
Art

• Religious tactics/topics incorporated with
  realism
• Portraits, human body
• David by Donatello

19
High Renaissance (1490-1520) Masters

• During this time, unbelievable accomplishments
  were reached by Leonardo, Raphael, and
  Michelangelo. These three greats were all in the
  same cities at the same time competing against
  each other.

20
Michelangelo

• Painter, sculptor, architect, poet etc.
• Designed dome St. Peters
• Sistine Chapel
• David/detail on sculpture

21
Sistine Chapel

• http//www.habeeb.com/sistine.chapel.vatican.html

22
Leonardo Da Vinci

• Renaissance man
• Mona Lisa and Last Supper

23
(No Transcript)
24
Raphael

• Influenced by Leonardo/Michelangelo
• Worked in Rome for Pope
• School of Athens
• Realism is his trademark

25
(No Transcript)
26
Machiavelli

• Wrote The Prince which discussed new political
  dealings.
• For the sake of society the Prince must make
  hard, amoral, SECULAR decisions.
• Huge influence on following leaders and set tone
  for new nobility
• Increased power, military obligations, become
  LEARNED

27
13.2 Northern Renaissance
28
Northern Renaissance

• Diffusion w/trade, war, and travel
• Religious
• What helped spread new ideas?

29
Printing Press

• SPREAD NEW IDEAS TO MORE PEOPLE
• Johann Gutenberg 1440 invents movable type.
• Gutenberg Bible 1455 (1st)
• Everyday people/vernacular
• Religious implications?

30
Flanders

• Artistic center of Northern Europe
• Oil Based Paints
• Pieter Bruegel at height of Flemish painting
• different than Italian

31
Spread of Art

• High Ren. In north coincides with the South
  mainly due to
• Albrecht Durer
• Highly influential in
• Germany

32
Christian Humanists

• Desiderius Erasmus from Holland
• - The Praise of Folly
• -Christianity of heart and critical of church
  corruption.
• -Bible study to improve society
• -scorned those whoDont want the holy
  scriptures to be read in translation by the
  unlearnedas if the chief strength of the
  Christian religion lay in peoples ignorance of
  it.

33
Humanist Action

• Thomas More from England
• Utopia (No place) social commentary
• IMPROVE SOCIETY
• Stressed education and classical learning to
  bring about moral and religious reform.

34
Shakespeare

• 1564 Stratford-upon-Avon
• Human flaws in most plays
• Classics
• What a piece of work is a man, how noble in
  reason, how infinite in faculties, in form and
  moving, how express and admirable in action, how
  like an angel in apprehension, how like a god!
  Hamlet