Entomology

1
??? ??????? ?????311 ???

• Entomology

2
???????? ?????????????? ???????????
????? ??????????????????????? ???
????? ???????? ????????? ????- ??????
???????? ?????????? 1- ????????
??????????? ??????? ?- ?????? ?????? ?? ??????
???????? ?- ?????? ?????????? (????? ???????????
???????) ?- ?????? ????????? (?????? ????????)
2- ????? ?????????
3- ????? ???????
1- ????? ?????? ?? ?????? ???????
3

• ????? ??????? Long horned grass hopper
• ????? ?????? ?????? ?? ?????? ???????
• ????? ?????? Phaneroptera albida
• ?????
• ?????? ??  ??? ?????? ?? ????? ????????? ??
  ???????   Hemimetabolus? ??? ????? ???? ????
  ?????????? ??????? ???? ???? ??? ?????. ?????
  ??????? ?????? ? ????? ????? ?????? ????? ? ?????
  ?????? ???? ??? ??? ?????? ??????? ??????? ????
  ?????? ??????? ?????.
•  
• ??????
• ???? ??? ??????? ??? ???? ????? ????? 2-3 ?????
  ?? ?????. ?????? ??? ????? ????? ?????? ??
  ??????? ?? ????? ??? ??? ????? ??? ???????
  ??????? ?????? ??????? ?????? ???????? ??????.
• ??????? ???????
• ????? ??? ?????? ??? ???? ????? ????????
  ?????????? ??? ?????? ??? ????? ???? ???? ???
  ???????? ????????.
• ???????
• ??? ???????? ???? ????? ??? ??????? ????? ???
  ???? ??? ????? ??? ??? 10?? ?? ??? ?????? ??????.
  ???? ????? ?? ?????? ?????? ?????? ??? ???? ????
  ??? ????? ?????? ?????? ??? ??????? ????????.
• ???????
• ??? ??? ?????? ?? ?????? ??????? ??? ????? ???
  ???? ????? ???????? ???????? ??? ???? ???? ???
  ???????? ????????.
• ????????
• -????? ??? ??????? ?????? ?? ???????? ?????
  ???????? ?? ???????? ???? ???????? ?????????
  ???????? ?? ??? ????? ????? ?? ????? ???????.

4
?- ????? ?????? ?? ?????? ???????
5
????? ??????? Mole cricket ????? ??????
?????? (???????) ????? ?????? Gryllotalpa
gryllotalpa ????? ?????? ?? ??? ?????? ??
????? ????????? ?? ??????? Hemimetabolus? ???
???? ?????? ????? ??? ????? ??? ??? ??? ????? ???
???5??. ?????? ??????? ???????? ????? ? ???????
?????? ????? ????? ??? ??? ??? ?????. ??????
???????? ?????? ?????? ? ??????? ???????? ?????
????? ?????? ???? ????? ??????? ??? ?????. ???
??????? ??????? ??????? ???? ??? ?? ??? ?????
?????? ??????? ??? ?????? ? ?????? ???????
??????. ?????? ????????? ??? ????? ?? ??? ?????
?? ???????/??????? ????? ???????
???????. ??????? ??????? ????? ??? ?????? ???
???? ???? ????? ????????? ?????????? ??? ??????
??? ????? ???? ???? ??? ???? ????????
????????. ??????? ??? ???????? ???? ????? ???
??????? ????? ??? ???? ?? ????? ?????? ??? ???
???? ?? 10?? ?? ??? ?????? ??????. ???? ????? ??
?????? ????? ??? ???? ???? ??? ????? ??????.
????? ???????? ?? ???? ?????? ???????. ????????
??? ?????? ??? ???? ????? ?????? ?? ????-
??????. ????? ?? ??????? ?????? ?? ??????? ? ???
????? ??????. ???? ??? ????? ???? ?? ???? ??? ???
????? ?????? ???????. ??????? ??? ??? ?????? ??
?????? ??????? ??? ??? ???? ??????? ?? ??????? ?
?????  ??? ???? ????????. ???????? ????? ???
??????? ???? ???? ????? ????? ??? ??? ????? ??
????? ??????? ??? ???? ?????? ??? ???? ?? ??? ???
????? ???? ????? ??????.
6
?- ????? ?????????
7
????? ??????? Desert locust ????? ??????
?????? ???????? ????? ?????? Schistocerca
gregaria ????? ?????? ?? ??? ?????? ?? ?????
????????? ?? ??????? Hemimetabolus? ??? ????
?????? ??? ??? ?????? ??? ??? 6??? ????? ?????
???? ???? ?? ???. ???? ??? ??????? ??????? ??
?????  ?????? ???????. ????? ????? ?????? ???? ??
??? ?? ??? ?????? ????? ????. ???? ?????? ???????
?????? ????? ?????? ?????? ???? ???? ? ?????
?????? ??????.   ?????? ???? ??? ??????? ???
???? ????? ????? 2-3 ????? ?? ?????. ?????? ???
????? ????? ?????? ?? ??????? ?? ????? ??? ???
????? ??? ??????? ??????? ?????? ??????? ??????
???????? ??????. ??????? ??????? ????? ???
?????? ??? ???? ????? ???????? ?????????? ???
?????? ??? ????? ???? ???? ??? ????????
????????. ??????? ??? ???????? ???? ????? ???
??????? ????? ??? ???? ??? ????? ??? ??? 10?? ??
??? ?????? ??????? ??????. ???? ????? ?? ??????
?? ??? ????? ?????? ? ???? ????? ?????? ??????
??? ???? ???? ??? ????? ?????? ?????? ??? ???????
????????. ??????? ??? ??? ?????? ?? ??????
??????? ??? ????? ??? ???? ????? ????????
???????? ??? ???? ???? ??? ????????? ????
????. ????????  ????? ??? ??????? ?????? ?????
?? ???????? ????????? ?? ???????? ???? ????????
????????? ????????? ?? ??? ????? ????? ?? ?????
???????.
8
?- ????? ???????
9
????????????
10
????? ??????? White ant ????? ?????? ?????
?????? ?????? ????? ?????? Anacanthotermes
ochraceus ????? ?????? ?? ??? ?????? ?? ?????
????????? ?? ??????? Hemimetabolus? ? ????? ???
?????? ????? ???? ???????. ????? ????? ???
???????? ????? ????? ?? ?????? ????? ??????
??????? ????????? ????????? ???????. ??? ?????
???? ??????? ?????? ??????? ??? ???? ?? ?????????
??????? ??????? ????? ??????? ?? ?????? ???
?????? ???????????. ????? ??????? ????? ?????? ??
??????? ???? ??????? ?????? ??????? ?? ?????????
? ???? ????? ???? ???? ????? ??????? ????? ?????
??????? ??? ??????? ?????? ??? ??? ?????? ???????
???? ?????? ?? ????? ???? ????? ????? ???
????????? ???? ???? ??????.   ??????? ???????
??? ?????? ????? ??? ??????? ?????? ???????? ??
??????? ???????. ??????? ??????? ??? ??????
????????? ??? ????? ????? ????? (?????? ??????)
?????? ????? ???? ????? ???? ?????? ??? ?????
?????? ??????? ?????? ???????? ???????? ???
?????? ???????. ?? ????? ???????? ???? ?? ?????
??????? ???????. ???? ???? ?? ??????? ????????
??????? ?????? ??????? ? ???? ?? ???? ????? ???
??? ?????? ???? ??????? ??? ?????. ??? ??????
????? ????? ???? ?? ?????? ?? ?????? ????????
??????. ????????? ????? ????? ????? ??? ?????
?????? ??????? ????? ??? ?? ??? ???????? ???
???????? ???????? ?? ??? ?????? ???????? ?????
???? ???????? ???????? ???????. ???????? ???
?????? ?????? ?? ???? ?? ????? ??????. ??? ?????
??? ?????  ?? ????? ??????? ??????? ????????
????????. ???????  ???? ??????? ??? ???? ?????
????? ??? ??? ?????? ??? ???? ??? ??? ???????
???? ???? ??????? ?????.   ???????? ????? ???
?????? ??????? ?????? ????? ??? ?????? ??????
?????????. ????? ???? ???? ?????? ?? ??????? ????
?????.
11
??????? ????????? ???????????
?????? ??????? ??????
???????
?????????
???????
??????? ??????
12
????? louse ??? ??? ???? ??? ????? ????? ??? ????
???????? ?? ?????? ??????? Anoplura. ????? ????
??????? subfamilies? ????? ????? ?????
Siphonculata ?????? ????? ????? Mallophaga.
?????? ????? ????? ????? ????? ?????? ??????
???? ??? ????? ???? ??? 2?3.5??? ??????? ???
3.5?4.5??. ????? ???? ??? ????? ????? ?? ?????
?????? ??????. ???? ????? ??? ??? ????? ??????
??????? ????? ???? ?? ???? ????????? ????? ??
????? ?? 3?5???. ?????? ????? ????? ?? ??????.
??????? ??????? ???? ?? ????? ?????? ??????
?????? ?????? ???? ??? ???? ??? ?????? ???????
??? ?????????. ????? ?? ?? ????? ??????? ???
??????.
13
??????? ???????? ???????
??? ?????
14
??????? ????? ???????? (??? ??????? )
15
????? ??????? American cockroaches ?????
?????? ??????? ???????? ????? ??????
Periplaneta americana ????? ?????? ?? ???
?????? ?? ????? ????????? ?? ???????
Hemimetabolus? ????? ??? ??????? ????? ?????
?????? ??????? ???????? ?? ????? ? ?????? ???? ??
?????? ?????? ??????? ???? ??????? ????? ?????
???????. ?????? ???? ?? ????? ??????? ?????
????????? ?? ????? ?????? ???? ????? ????? ??
?????. ???? ???? ????? ????? ?? ????? ????? ???
?????? ??????.   ?????? ????? ??? ????? ??
???????? ?? ???? ????? ??????? ??????? ???????? ?
???? ???? ?? ????? ????? ????? ?????????? ??????
?? ??????? ??????. ??? ???? ?? ??????? ??????
????? ????? ?????. ??????? ??????? ????? ???
??????? ???? ??? ????? ?????? ????? ????? ???? ??
????? ?? ???? ?????? ??? ?????? ?? ??????? ???
????? ????? ?????? ??? ??????? ???????? ?? ?????
????????. ??????? ????? ??? ??????? ???
????????? ?????? ?????? ??? ????? ????? ??? ????
?? ??? ?????? ?????? ????????? ?????? ?? ??????
???????. ???? ????? ??? ??????? ?????? ??????
???? ??????? ???? ????? ??? ????????? ???????
????????? ??? ??? ?????? ???????? ?????????
???????????? ???????????. ????? ????? ?????????
??????? ?????? ????? ??? ??? ??????? ??????? ???
???????? ?????? ??????? (???????????)?
???????. ???????? ??? ?????? ??? ?????? ??????
??? ??????? ???? ??????? ?????? ??????? ??
???????? ???????? ?????? ?? ????? ????? ????
?????? ????? ???? ??? ????? ?????? ?? ???????
??????? ?????? ????? ????? ?? ??? ??????? ???
??????? ???????? ???? ???? ????? ?????? ?? ??
??????? ???? ?????? ???????? ????????? ???????
????????.
16
2- ???????? ????????????
????? ?????????????? ??? ?????
???????? ????????? ?????? ????????
?????????? ???????? ???????????????? ????
1- ????????? ???????? 2-
????????? ????????? 3- ?????????
???????? (??????)
17
????? ??????? Green praying mantis ?????
?????? ??? ????? ?????? ????? ?????? Mantis
religiosa ????? ?????? ?? ??? ?????? ?? ?????
????????? ?? ???????  Hemimetabolus? ??? ????
????? ??????? ???????? ????? ?????? ????? ??????
??? ?????? ???????? ???? ??? ????? ????? ......
???. ? ?? ???? ?????? ????? (2-4??)? ????? ??????
????? ????? ?????? ???? ????????? ?????? ???????
??????? ????? ?????? ?? ???? ??????? ?? ??
?????????? ????? ??????? ???? ??????? ????????
???? ?????? ??????? ???????? ????? ????????
??????. ?????? ???? ????? ??? ????? ?? ?????-
??????. ?????? ????? ?? ??????? ?????? ?????????
?? ??????? ????? ????? ????????. ??????? ???????
????? ??? ?????? ??? ??????? ?????????? ???????
??? ???? ?????? ???????? ??? ???? ??? ?? ???
?????? ???????? ?????? ?? ?? ?????? ?? ????? ????
??????? ?????? ????????? ?????? ? ???
???????. ??????? ??? ???????? ???? ????? ???
????? ????? ?? ????? ?????? ?????? ?? ??? ??
????? ????? ????? ????? ??? ??? ????? ??????
????? ???????. ???? ????? ????? ??? ????? ???
????? ????????? ??????? ??? ???????? ?????? ?????
??? ?????? ???????. ??????? ????? ??? ??????
??? ???????? ?????? ??? ???? ??????? ??? ????
?????? ????????. ???? ??? ?????? ?? ?????????
?????? ???? ???? ???? ?? ???????? ????????.
18
??????? ???? ?????????
19

• ????? ??????? Cabbage aphid
• ????? ?????? ???? ??????
• ????? ?????? Aphis gossypii
• ?????
• ?????? ?? ??? ?????? ?? ????? ????????? ??
  ??????? Hemimetabolus? ??? ???? ????? ??? ?????
  ?? 1-2 ?? ? ???? ?????? ?????? ?? ????? ?????
  ???????? ?????? ??? ????? ??? ???? ??????? ?????
  ????? ???? ??? ??????? ????????? ? ???? ???
  ??????? ???????. ????? ????? ????? ????? ?????
  ?????? ??????  ?? ??? ??? ??????? ???????? ?????
  ???????. ??? ??????? ??? ??????? ?????? ?? ????
  ??? ?????? ????? ?? ????? ????? ????? ?????? ????
  ????.
• ??????
• ???? ?? ??? ?????? ?? ??????? ??? ?????. ??????
  ??? ????? ?? ???? ?? ???? ????? ??????? ??? ????
  ????? ?? ????????? ??? ?? ??? ????????? ????????
  ??????? ???????.
• ??????? ???????
• ??? ?????? ????? ??? ?????? ?????? ???????
  ????????? ?????????? ?????? ?????? ??? ???? ???
  ??????? ??? ????????.
• ???????
• ????? ??? ????? ?? ???? ??? ?????? ??? ??? ????
  ????? ??? ????? ?????? ????? ?? ???? ??????
  ??????? ?????? (Parthenogenesis)? ???? ????
  ?????? ????. ????? ?????? ????? ???????? ??? ???
  ??? ????? ??????? ???? ?????? ??????? ?? ???
  15100 ????? ??? ???? ????? ????? ????? ????.
• ???????
• ????? ?? ?????? ???????? ?????? ??? ????? ???
  ?????? ????? ?? ??????? ???????? ??? ?? ???
  ?????? ??????? ??????? ?????? ??????? ????????
  ???????? ???????? ?????? ???????? ???????? ????
  ?????? ??????. ??? ???? ????  ?????  ? ???? ??
  ???? ??? ?????? ??????? ?????? ???????? ??????
  ??? ??????? ???????? ???????? ?????  ???? ??????
  ?????. ????? ?????? ??????? ???? ????? ???
  ??????? ????? ????? ????? ?????? ?????? ?????
  ????? ????? ?? ??????? ???? ???????? ??? ???
  ??????? ??? ????? ?? ??? ?????? ???? ???????. ?
  ?? ??? ???? ????? ???? ???? ???? ???? ???? ??
  ???????? ??? ???? ???? ??? ????? ??????????.
• ????????
• ????? ??? ?????? ????? ????????? ?????????
  ???????? ????? ???????? ??????? ??????? ????
  ????? ????? ??? ????? ????? ??? ????? ?????? ????
  ?????? ??????  ???? ???? ??????.

20
??????? ?????????? ?????????
???????
21

• ????? ????????
• Class Insecta
• Subclass Pterygota
• Superorder Exopterygota
• ?????? ??? ?????? ??? ??????? ??????? ???? ??????
  (Thrips) ??? ????? ??????? ?????? ???????
• ????? ????? ??????? ????? ??????.
• ?????? ?????? ???? ?????? ???? ???? ?? ???? ????
  ????? ????? ?? ??? ??????.
• ????? ???? ????? ???????? ???????? ????? ??????
  ????? ?? ????? (rasping)? ??????? ?? ???? ???
  ??????? ?? ?????? ?????? ???????.
• - ???? ????? ???????? ?? ????? ?????? ?????
  ????????? ???????? ????? ??????? ?? ????? ??????
  ???????? ???? ?????? ??? ???? ??? ??????? ????
  ??????? ??? ????? ?????? ?????? ??????? ????
  ?????.
• ???? ?????? ????? ???? ?????? ??????? (vesicle)
  ???? ?????
• ???????
• ????? ?????? ???? ??????? ???????? ?????? ???
  ?????? ???? ??? ????? ???? ???????? ????????
  ?????? ??????? ??????? ??????? ??????? ???????
  ?????? ?? ?? ??????? ??????? ???? ???????? ????
  ??? ??? ??????? ??????? ?????? ?? ???? ??? ?????
  ?? ??? ??? ??????.

22
???? ????????? ????????Thysanoptera (??????
????????)
23
????? ??????? Earwig ????? ?????? ????
?????? (??? ???) ????? ?????? Lapidura riparia
????? ?????? ?? ??? ?????? ?? ?????
????????? ?? ???????  Hemimetabolus? ???????? ???
?????? ?? ??? ???????? ??? ????? ???? ????????
????? ??? ?????? ?????? ?? ??????. ? ???????
??????? ?????? ??? ?????? ?????? ??????? ???
?????? ?? ???????. ????? ???? ?????? ????
????????? ?????? ? ?????? ??????? ?????? ?????
???? ??? ?????? ?? ????? ? ???? ?? ?????? ?
?????? ?????? ?? ????? ??????.     ???????
??????? ??? ????? ????? ????? ??? ?????? ???
??????? ?????? ??????? ??????? ???????? ??
???????? ??????. ??????? ??? ???????? ????
????? ??? ??????? ????? ?? ????? ?? ???? ???
????? ?? ?????? ?????? ?????? ???? ?????. ??????
????? ????? ??? ????? ?????? ???????. ???? ?????
?? ?????? ????? ??? ???? ???? ??? ?????
??????. ???????? ???? ??? ?????? ?? ????? ?????
? ???? ????? ???????. ??????? -??? ??? ??????
?? ??????? ??????? ??? ???? ????? ??????? ???????
???????? ??? ???? ????? ??? ?????? ????????
?????????? ??????.
24
??????? ??????? ???????????
???? ???????
25
????? ??????? Bed bug ????? ?????? ???
???????? ????? ?????? Cimex lectularius
????? ?????? ?? ??? ?????? ?? ?????
????????? ?? ??????? Hemimetabolus? ??? ????
????? ??? ???? ?????? ? ????? ???? ??? ??? ?????
??? 4- 5 ?? ?????? ????? 3 ??. ????? ????
???????? ?????? ?????? ?? ????? ???? ?????? ?? ??
???? ??????? ??? ???? ??? ???? ???? ???????
????. ?????? ????? ??? ?????? ?? ???? ?????
???????? ??? ???? ?? ???? ??????? ?????? ??????
???????? ??? ???? ??????? ???????? ???????
????????? ???????. ??????? ??????? ??? ??????
????? ??? ?? ??????? ????? ????? ????? ???? ???
??????? ?????????? ??. ??????? ??? ??????
75-200 ???? ?? ?????? ?????? ?? ?????? ??????
??????. ???? ????? ??? 5-12 ???? ?????? ???
??????? ?? 1.5 2.5 ???? ???? ?? ??? ?????????
????? ??? ????? ?????? ??????? ??? ???
??????. ??????? ????? ?? ??????? ?????? ???????
??????? ?? ??????? ???? ??????? ???
?????.  ???????? ????? ??? ?????? ?????
????????? ????????? ????????.
26
??????? ??????? ???????????
?? ??????
?? ??????
27
(No Transcript)
28
?????? ?????? ????? ??????? ????? ??????
Nezara viridula ????? ?????? ?? ??? ?????? ??
????? ????????? ?? ??????? Hemimetabolus? ???????
??????? ????? ???? ???? ???? ?????. ????? ??????
?????? ?????? ?????? ??? ????? ?????? ?????
??????. ???? ?????? ??????? ??????? ????? ????
????? ?????? ?????. ????? ??? ?????? ???????
?????? ??? ????? ????? ??? ?? ????. ??? ?????? ??
1- 2 ?? ?????? ??  0.6- 1??. ???? ?? ??????-
????. ??????? ??????? ??? ?????? ????? ???
?????? ?????? ??????? ?????? ?????????? ??????
?????? ??? ???? ??? ??????? ??? ????????. ???????
???? ??? ?????? ?????? ?????? ??? ???? ????
????? ? ??????. ????? ?? ?????? ??? ?????? ????
?????? ????? ??? ?????? ?????? ??????? ??? ???
?????? ????? ???? ?? ?????? ????? ??? ???? ???
??? ??? ????? ??????. ???????? ????? ??? ??????
?? ????? ?????? ?? ???????? ????? ?????? ??
??????? ??????? ?? ?????? ?????? ?? ???? ????? ?
??????? ? ?????? ? ???? ? ????????. ???????
????? ?? ?????? ???????? ?????? ??? ??? ?????
??????? ??????? ??????? ??????? ??????? ????????
???????? ????? ???? ?????? ?????. ??????? ????
????? ???? ??? ?????? ??????? ??????? ????? ????
??? ??????? ????????? ?????? ??? ???? ?? ???????
????? ????? ?????. ?????? ??????? ???? ???????
??????? ????? ????? ?? ??? ????? ? ???? ???
??????? ?????? ?????? ???????? ?????? ???????
??????? ?????? ???????. ? ?? ??? ???? ????? ????
???? ???? ???? ???? ?? ???????? ??? ???? ???? ???
????? ??????????.   ???????? ????? ??? ??????
????? ????????? ????????? ????????.