ENTOMOLOGY

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ENTOMOLOGY

• The Study of insects

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Predator Mite
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Predator Mite

• Great predator for mites.
• Not an insect.
• Beneficial
• Resistant to organo posphates (major type of
  pesticides)
• A new strain is reported to be resistant to
  pyrethrums ( another major type of pesticide)

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Two spotted Spider Mite
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Two Spotted Spider Mite

• Over winters as an adult.
• Hot weather kills them off.

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Apple Maggot
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Apple Maggot

• Related to the Cherry Fruit Fly.
• Maggots move in the flesh and do not eat the
  seed.
• Its host is the apple.

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Black Ant
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Black Ant

• Will farm aphids.
• Will chase away aphid predators to protect save
  them to eat.

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Cherry Fruit Fly
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Cherry Fruit Fly

• Major Cherry pest.
• Industry has a zero tolerance for fruit fly
  maggot in cherries.
• Easy to control with a variety of pesticides when
  applied every 7 days.

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Codling Moth
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Codling Moth

• Major Apple pest
• One Codling Moth sting culls the apple and makes
  it essentially worthless.
• Eats the apples seeds.
• Can over winter on apple bins.

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Cut Worm
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Cut Worm

• Pear and Apple pest.
• There are several types of cut worms.
• Army worm and spotted cut worm use weeds as a
  host.

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Earwig
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Earwig

• Big eaters.
• Generally considered a beneficial pest except in
  soft fruit orchards.
• Generalist eater but prefers to eat aphids.

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European Red Mite
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European Red Mite

• Not an insect.
• Not a problem if predators are not killed off.
• Big problem for pears.
• Most common problem mite.

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Grape Mealy bug
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Grape Mealy bug

• Generally a pear pest.
• Most areas of the state except Wenatchee do not
  have major Grape Mealy Bug problems.
• Feed on sap and have sugary waste.
• The waste is a host for Sooty Mold which causes
  russet in pears.

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Grasshopper
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Grasshopper

• Chewing insect.
• Often appear in swarms which are hard to predict.

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Green Apple Aphid
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Green Apple Aphid

• Has lots of natural predators (Bio Control).
• Stays primarily of vegetative growth.
• It is important to keep its natural predators
  healthy.

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Green Lace Wing
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Green Lace Wing

• Excellent aphid and Psylla predator.
• Better than a lady bug.
• Good part of a bio control program.

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Honey Bee
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Honey Bee

• Beneficial insect.
• Very important to pollination.
• Easily killed by many pesticides.
• Must be considered when making spray decisions.

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Lady Bug
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Lady Bug

• Beneficial Insect.
• Not a big eater but likes most aphids.

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Lygus Bug
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Lygus Bug

• Bug family
• Sucking bug
• Attracted to flowering plants.
• Likes weeds and alfalfa.
• Can cause major problems on apples.

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McDaniel Spider Mite
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McDaniel Spider Mite

• Hard to find in orchards
• Is mostly a problem only in pears.

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Oyster Shell Scale
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Oyster Shell Scale

• Not a major orchard pest because it is so easily
  controlled.
• Mostly a problem in unmanaged orchards.
• Scale is an insect that will move around
  (crawlers) until it finds good food and then stop
  an feed. When it does stop, it looses its legs
  and covers itself with the scales that you can
  see.

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Pandemis Leaf Roller
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Pandemis Leaf Roller

• Big apple pest.
• 1 sting culls an apple
• Oblique Banded Leaf Roller (cousin) is becoming
  more of a problem in this area.

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Pear Psyllia
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Pear Psyllia

• MAJOR pear pest!
• Sucking pest that has very sugary, sticky waste
  that attracts and feeds other problem pests.
• Kaeolite (sp?) is now being commonly used to
  control the egg stage.
• The waste is a host for Sooty Mold which causes
  russet in pears.

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Rosy Apple Aphid
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Rosy Apple Aphid

• More destructive than Green Apple Aphid.
• Causes the leaf and shoot tips to curl ,making
  the hard to reach with pesticides.
• Will feed on fruit.

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San Jose Scale
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San Jose Scale

• Very little tolerance for scale in grading.
• Scale is an insect.
• Feeds on fruit and stems.
• Easy to control with dormant oils.

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Stink Bug
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Stink Bug

• Uses weeds as a host (Mullen).
• Cant reproduce on apples.
• Feeds on apples when weeds dry up.

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Tentiform Leaf Miner
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Tentiform Leaf Miner

• Feeds in the mesophyll (center) tissue of leaves
  and builds a tent around themselves so they can
  be difficult to target with sprays.
• Bio control is easy if you do not control the
  predators.

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Tent Caterpillar
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Tent Caterpillar

• Larvae feed in protective tents.
• In tents they are protected from predators
  sprays.
• Easily controlled by pruning out.
• Eats leaves and fruit.
• Most often found around cottonwood trees.

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Western Thrip
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Western Thrip

• Problem on lightly colored fruit. (Granny Smith)
• Lay eggs under the skin.
• They are very small.
• Attracted to flowers.
• Spots left on apples are often called pansy spots
  and will color over on red apples.

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White Apple Leaf Hopper
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White Apple Leaf Hopper

• Nuisance pest.
• Dont really cause fruit or tree problems.
• Huge populations can be tolerated without damage
  to fruit or tree.

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Woolly Apple Aphid
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Woolly Apple Aphid

• Can over winter on tree roots where they cause
  root galls.
• Not much of a fruit problem.